A Rare Cause of High Astigmatism in Pseudophakia

Malik, Hajra Arshad; Khalid, Maham; Sabih, Rayyan; Hina, Kazuyoshi; Asrar, Aamir

doi:10.55519/jamc-01-8494

Cited by 9 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Twenty-five studies 7,14,15,26–47 were included in the final analysis (PRISMA flow chart; Figure 1). We excluded 1 study because there was a disparity between the results reported in the abstract and those reported in the main article.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four trials reported patient satisfaction with shivering prophylaxis, 36,38,45,46 and 1 trial reported the QoR. 27 Dexamethasone was the steroid used in these 5 trials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional outcomes of this review were the effect of steroid treatment on patient satisfaction scores, QoR, and adverse effects. Although some studies reported that dexamethasone improves patient satisfaction 36,38,45,46 and QoR, 27 the evidence was significantly limited and heterogenous to preclude data synthesis. The most common side effects reported in the studies were nausea and vomiting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Prophylactic Steroids on Shivering in Adults Undergoing Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Misra¹,

Singh

Sarkar³

et al. 2023

Anesthesia &Amp; Analgesia

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BACKGROUND: Shivering is common following anesthesia and surgery. Corticosteroids (steroids) have been tried to reduce the risk of shivering, but the evidence in favor of their use is uncertain. The primary objective of this review was to evaluate the effect of steroids on the risk of perioperative (intra- and postoperative) shivering versus controls (placebo and active controls). Additional objectives were to assess the risk of severity of shivering, patient satisfaction with shivering prophylaxis, quality of recovery (QoR), and the risk of steroid-related adverse effects. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Registry of Trials, Google Scholar, and preprint servers were searched from inception until November 30, 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the English language were retrieved, provided they reported on shivering either as a primary or secondary outcome following steroid prophylaxis in adult patients undergoing surgery under spinal or general anesthesia. RESULTS: A total of 3148 patients from 25 RCTs were included in the final analysis. The steroids used in the studies were either dexamethasone or hydrocortisone. Dexamethasone was administered intravenously or intrathecally, while hydrocortisone was administered intravenously. Prophylactic administration of steroids reduced the risk of overall shivering (risk ratio [RR], 0.65 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.52–0.82]; P = .0002; I 2 = 77%) as well as the risk of moderate to severe shivering (RR, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.34–0.71]; P = .0002; I 2 = 61%) in comparison to controls. Administration of intravenous dexamethasone (RR, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.52–0.87]; P = .002; I 2 = 78%) and hydrocortisone (RR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.32–0.80]; P = .003; I 2 = 58%) were effective in shivering prophylaxis. For intrathecal dexamethasone (RR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.34–2.08]; P = .7; I 2 = 56%), the null hypothesis of no subgroup difference was not rejected (P = .47), preventing definitive conclusions about the efficacy of this route of administration. The prediction intervals for both overall shivering risk (0.24–1.70) and risk of severity of shivering (0.23–1.0) precluded generalization of results in future studies. Meta-regression analysis was used to further explore heterogeneity. Factors like the dose and timing of administration of steroids or the type of anesthesia were not found to be significant. Patient satisfaction and QoR were higher in the dexamethasone groups versus placebo. No increased risk of adverse events of steroids was noted versus placebo or controls. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic steroid administration may be beneficial in reducing the risk of perioperative shivering. However, the quality of evidence in favor of steroids is very low. Further well-designed studies are needed for establishing generalization.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four trials reported patient satisfaction with shivering prophylaxis, 36,38,45,46 and 1 trial reported the QoR. 27 Dexamethasone was the steroid used in these 5 trials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Prophylactic Steroids on Shivering in Adults Undergoing Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Misra¹,

Singh

Sarkar³

et al. 2023

Anesthesia &Amp; Analgesia

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“…Though the government Sehat Sahulat Programme claims to provide universal coverage in the country, its reach is minimal, at 5 million people to date, and it is not focused on maternal health services, and is limited mainly to coverage for hospitalization [20]. It is because of this that Pakistan has one of the largest outof-pocket healthcare expenditures at 90% [21], with less than 1% of women covered by the private health insurance sector [22].…”

Section: Majority Of Women In Pakistan Are Dependent On Primary Healt...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and Social Literacy Intervention to Improve Maternal Health: Study Protocol for a Randomized Pre-Post Test Design with a team-building intervention for primary healthcare teams and community needs assessment

Jafree

Ahsan

Zakar

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: The majority of poor, illiterate women of reproductive years in Pakistan are living in underdeveloped regions and are solely dependent on free primary health services provided by the state. This project aims 1) to collect baseline health and social data, 2) to deliver a health and social literacy intervention, 3) to deliver a team-building intervention for primary-level healthcare providers, and 4) to conduct a community needs assessment. Methods: Electronic health and social data will be collected at baseline, which will be used to develop a comprehensive database and develop an index for Maternal Health and Wellbeing. A 24-month intervention will be delivered which will have 6 modules related to health and social literacy. The principal investigators will train the data collectors and intervention facilitators. Lady Health Workers will collect the electronic data and pre-post test data, and Community Social Workers will deliver the health and social literacy intervention. Cluster randomized sampling will be used to sample 6 BHUs across 6 different cities of Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 360 women will be sampled and assigned randomly to the experiment and control groups. The principal investigators will deliver the team-building intervention and conduct the community needs assessment. The participants for the latter will include doctors, nurses and community health workers; and for the former will include women from the community, women community health providers, community elders and religious leaders, and local government officials. Discussion: Pakistan is falling behind on its sustainable development goals for maternal health, mainly due to the limitations of the existing services and literacy of women. There is critical need to support understaffing of current providers by partnering them with community social workers and training them for better care delivery. Similarly, women need support for gaps in both health and social literacy. Development of an index and community needs assessment report can support better identification of environmental and socio-cultural needs in the community and to advise policy makers and stakeholders about issues wider which directly and indirectly impact women’s health. Trial registration: This study has been registered with ClinicalTrials.gov. The identification number is: NCT05389501.

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“…Sutures or staples have been used to close DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300097 the dura mater, and adhesives/sealants have been subsequently used to prevent the leakage of cerebrospinal fluid from the anastomotic site. [1][2][3] In clinical practice, various kinds of adhesives have been used for dural closure: fibrin-based, [4,5] poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based, [6][7][8][9] albumin-based, [7,10] and cyanoacrylate-based [11,12] adhesives. These adhesives enable to close the dura mater, however, they have disadvantages on the lack of adhesiveness, swelling property in physiological saline, and biocompatibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Swelling Property of Tissue Adhesive Hydrogels Based on α‐Cyclodextrin/Decyl Group‐Modified Alaska Pollock Gelatin Inclusion Complexes

Komatsu

Watanabe

Ito

et al. 2023

Macromolecular Bioscience

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Adhesives/sealants are used after suturing to prevent leakage of cerebrospinal fluid from an anastomotic site. Commercial adhesives/sealants have been used to close the cerebral dura. However, swelling of the cured adhesives/sealants induces increased intracranial pressure and decreases the strength of the seal. In the present study, tissue adhesive hydrogels with improved swelling property using inclusion complex composed of 𝜶-cyclodextrin (𝜶CD) and decyl group (C10)-modified Alaska pollock-derived gelatin (C10-ApGltn) with a high degree of substitution (DS) (>20 mol%) are developed. Viscosity of C10-ApGltn with a high DS solution remarkably decreased by the addition of 𝜶CD. The resulting 𝜶CD/C10-ApGltn adhesive hydrogel composed of 𝜶CD/C10-ApGltn inclusion complexes and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based crosslinker showed improved swelling property after immersion in saline. Also, the resulting adhesive has a significantly higher burst strength than fibrin-based adhesives and is as strong as a PEG-based adhesive. Quantitative analysis of 𝜶CD revealed that the improved swelling property of the resulting adhesive hydrogels is induced by the release of 𝜶CD from cured adhesive, and the subsequent assembly of decyl groups in the saline. These results suggest that adhesives developed using the 𝜶CD/C10-ApGltn inclusion complex can be useful for closing the cerebral dura mater.

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A Rare Cause of High Astigmatism in Pseudophakia

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

The Effect of Prophylactic Steroids on Shivering in Adults Undergoing Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

The Effect of Prophylactic Steroids on Shivering in Adults Undergoing Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Health and Social Literacy Intervention to Improve Maternal Health: Study Protocol for a Randomized Pre-Post Test Design with a team-building intervention for primary healthcare teams and community needs assessment

Improved Swelling Property of Tissue Adhesive Hydrogels Based on α‐Cyclodextrin/Decyl Group‐Modified Alaska Pollock Gelatin Inclusion Complexes

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