A rare case of primary renal hydatid cyst presenting with hydatiduria

Abstract

Hydatid disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus involves liver in 75 % of cases and lung in 15 % of cases. But primary renal involvement without liver and lung involvement is a very rare event. Among these patients of renal hydatidosis, hydatiduria is seen only in 10-20 % cases, which is considered to be pathognomonic. We report a case of echinococcosis, primarily involving the right kidney, presenting with clinical history of hydatiduria.

Presence of an Isolated Hydatid Cyst in the Left Kidney: Report of a Case of This Rare Condition Managed Surgically

“…The eggs transform to larvae in the human's digestive system; the larvae migrate into the small bowel wall and the mesenteric circulation, getting filtered by the liver, which is the reason why hepatic infection is so common. The second site of filtration is the lung, which is involved in 15% of the cases [ 7 ]. However, almost every body tissue can be infected through hematogenous dissemination [ 8 ].…”

“…The kidney is the most commonly affected organ of the urinary tract, although this involvement is rare [ 5 ]; however, isolated renal involvement is even rarer (2–4% of all cases) [ 6 ] and reports of this condition are limited. This benign disease can remain asymptomatic for many years, while hematuria or/and hydatiduria (presence of daughter vesicle in urine) occurs in 10–20% of all cases [ 7 ]. Diagnosis is usually made by clinical and radiological findings; however, diagnostic steps and complete and exact pathophysiology elucidation of urinary tract hydatid cysts are needed to be performed.…”

Double retroperitoneal hydatid localization: About a case report

“…The second site of filtration is the lung, which is involved in 15% of the cases. 4 Primary hydatid cysts develop in the retroperitoneal tissue, without apparent connection, remain an exceptional entity. Soft tissue involvement is not classic.…”

Case report – Primary renal echinococcal infection

“…3 Systemic dissemination through the portal venous and lymphatic systems most commonly affects the liver (75%) and lungs (15%); however, infection may affect almost any anatomical location. 4 Primary renal echinococcal infection, is rare, accounting for only 2-3% of cases. 5 Renal involvement usually occurs in the form of hydatid cysts.…”

“…Most patients with primary renal involvement remain asymptomatic. 4 Over time, the cysts enlarge and may be associated with abdominal pain due to hydatiduria, fever, hematuria, abdominal mass and hypertension. 6 Hydatiduria is reported to occur in 10-20% of cases due to rupture of the cysts into the collecting system and results in the passage of whitish material in the urine.…”