A rapid point-of-care optical ion sensing platform based on target-induced dye release from smart hydrogels

Du, Xinfeng; Huang, Manling; Wang, Renjie; Zhai, Jingying; Xie, Xiaojiang

doi:10.1039/c8cc09434a

Cited by 33 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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confidence: 71%

“…In addition to measurements in the absorbance and fluorescence mode, our group also reported ionophore-based detection of ions based on distance change and dye release that could be analyzed even by the naked eye. , Photoacoustic interrogations of ion-selective optodes were also reported several times by Clark and Kopelman. , Bakker and co-workers previously coupled electrochemiluminescence (ECL) to potentiometric ISEs and chronopotentiometry. , Compared with ECL, CL does not require additional electrochemical controls and is instrumentally less demanding. To the best of our knowledge, ionophore-based sensors with CL as signal readout were not yet reported.…”

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Chemiluminescent Ion Sensing Platform Based on Ionophores

2019

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We report here an ionophore-based chemiluminescent platform for the selective detection of ions. This method functions on the basis of the ion-exchange between the target ion and the divalent organic cation lucigenin, which luminesces after reacting with hydrogen peroxide in alkaline conditions. Using the K+ ionophore valinomycin, chemiluminescent detection of K+ (from 10 nM to 1 M) was performed on both dichloromethane solutions and polymeric films. While the ionophores ensured excellent selectivity, the detection range could be adjusted with the ratio between the aqueous and the organic phases, and the divalent lucigenin ions also made the sensitivity for divalent target ions higher than conventional ionophore-based ion-selective optodes. The generalizability of the method was shown by changing the K+ ionophore into a Pb2+ ionophore, which successfully realized the highly selective detection of Pb2+ from 0.1 nM to 0.1 mM. Preliminary application of the method was demonstrated with the determination of K+ in diluted human blood serum (five samples), and the results agreed well with those obtained from potentiometric ion-selective electrodes.

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Chemiluminescent Ion Sensing Platform Based on Ionophores

2019

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“…Numerous ionophores for metal ion have been successfully developed and used in the clinical application. In addition to potentiometric sensors, highly selective ionophores have also been utilized in new optical sensor designs to achieve fast and sensitive detection of ionic species in biological samples [9][10][11][12][13].…”

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confidence: 99%

Tripodal Squaramide Derivative as a Neutral Chloride Ionophore for Whole Blood and Sweat Chloride Measurement

Fan¹,

Xu²,

Feng³

et al. 2020

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A tripodal squaramide derivative was synthesized and characterized as a new neural ionophore for chloride ion. Squaramide based compounds are known to be better hydrogen bonding receptors than urea derivatives because they donate four hydrogen bonds to anions, while the tripodal structure provides a 3D geometry optimum for spherical anion complexation. The ionophore demonstrated high selectivity over salicylate and heparin that are major interferences for chloride measurement in biological samples with direct potentiometric method. The new ionophore based solid‐contact electrodes were fabricated and showed the measuring range of 10−5 to 1 M chloride ion in the presence of 1 mM of salicylate and heparin with near Nernstian slope of 55 mV/decade. The sensor was successfully applied for the chloride measurement in undiluted heparinized whole blood and artificial sweat samples with our clinical analyzer.

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“…In recent years, ion sensing has been advanced by the emergence of new ion-selective optodes with improved analytical performance . One example is the optodes based on ion-triggered exchange of cationic dyes from the sensor phase to the sample. − Since no protonation or deprotonation process is involved, this method is intrinsically independent of the sample pH, representing an attractive feature compared to classical pH indicator-based optodes. A prerequisite for this sensing principle to work is that the dye needs to display a significant disparity in the fluorescence of the optode phase and the aqueous phase because fluorescence measurements are performed to a mixture of two phases (e.g., nanoparticle/nanoemulsion suspensions).…”

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Ion-Induced Phase Transfer of Cationic Dyes for Fluorescence-Based Electrolyte Sensing in Droplet Microfluidics

et al. 2021

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Fluorescence-based sensing in droplet microfluidics requires small sample volumes, allows for high-throughput assays, and does not suffer from photobleaching as each flowing sensor is only scanned one time. In this paper, we report a selective and sensitive fluorescence-based ion-sensing methodology in droplet microfluidics using a T-junction PDMS chip. The oil stream is doped with sensor ingredients including an ionophore, a cation exchanger, and a permanently cationic fluorophore as the optical reporter. Electrolyte cations from the aqueous sample are extracted into oil segments and displace the cationic dyes into aqueous droplets. Laser-induced fluorescence of the two immiscible phases is collected alternately, which is in clear contrast to most other ion-selective optode configurations such as nanoparticle suspensions that rely on mixed optical signals of two phases. The cation exchanger, tetrakis[3,5bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate, is found to dramatically enhance the dye emission in the nonpolar sensing oil by preventing ionpairing interactions and aggregations of the dye molecules, providing new insights into the mechanism of cationic dye-based ion sensors. The high dye brightness allows us to use low concentrations of sensing chemicals (e.g., 10 μM) in the oil and attain high sensitivity for detection of ions in an equal volume of sample. Using valinomycin as the ionophore and methylene blue as the dye, K + is detected with a response time of ∼11 s, a logarithmic linear range of 10 −5 to 10 −2 M, a 20-fold total fluorescence response, >1000fold selectivity against other electrolyte cations, and negligible cross-sensitivity toward the sample pH. The K + concentration in untreated and undiluted whole blood and sweat samples is successfully determined by this microfluidic sensing method without optical interference from the droplet sample to the sensing oil. Detection of other ionic analytes can be achieved using the corresponding ionophores.

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A rapid point-of-care optical ion sensing platform based on target-induced dye release from smart hydrogels

Abstract: We report here a rapid and versatile metal ion analytical platform based on the dye release from hydrogels entrapping ion-selective microdroplets.

Cited by 33 publications

References 27 publications

Chemiluminescent Ion Sensing Platform Based on Ionophores

Chemiluminescent Ion Sensing Platform Based on Ionophores

Tripodal Squaramide Derivative as a Neutral Chloride Ionophore for Whole Blood and Sweat Chloride Measurement

Ion-Induced Phase Transfer of Cationic Dyes for Fluorescence-Based Electrolyte Sensing in Droplet Microfluidics

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