A randomized double-blind trial comparing a two-component acellular to a whole-cell pertussis vaccine in Senegal

Simondon, François; Préziosi, Marie-Pierre; Yam, Ablaye; Kane, Coumba Touré; Chabirand, Laurence; Iteman, Isabelle; Sanden, Gary N.; Mboup, Souleymane; Hoffenbach, A; Knudsen, Kim; Guiso, Nicole; Wassilak, Steven G.F.; Cadoz, M

doi:10.1016/s0264-410x(97)00100-x

Cited by 229 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Des études nutritionnelles, épidémiologiques et géographiques sont également menées, faisant de cette zone un observatoire régional des populations et de la santé (Delaunay 1994). Au cours de ces dernières années la zone a servi de cadre à des essais vaccinaux contre la rougeole de 1987 à 1993 (Aaby et al 1996) et la coqueluche de 1990 à 1997 (Simondon et al 1997). La zone concernait 28.246 personnes au 1er janvier 1995 et 28.880 au 1er janvier 1996.…”

Section: La Zone De Niakharunclassified

La transmission du paludisme dans la zone de Niakhar, Sénégal

Robert¹,

Dieng

Lochouarn³

et al. 1998

Tropical Med Int Health

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La bio‐écologie des anophèles et la transmission du paludisme ont étéétudiées de janvier à décembre 1995 dans trois villages de la zone rurale sahélienne de Niakhar, au Sénégal. Cette zone de 29.000 personnes est depuis plusieurs décennies un observatoire régional de la population et de la santé. La collecte des moustiques a été pratiquées selon trois méthodes: la récolte des larves, la capture nocturne des moustiques femelles agressifs pour l'homme, et la capture au pyrèthre des moustiques au repos l'après‐midi dans les maisons. Les anophèles capturés ont été par ordre d'importance numérique: Anopheles arabiensis, An. rufipes, An. gambiae, An. pharoensis, An. funestus et An. coustani. Au sein du complexe An. gambiae, An. arabiensis a représenté 97% des femelles capturées sur homme et 98% des femelles semigravides capturées au pyrèthre (différence non significative); la seule autre espèce de ce complexe a étéAn. gambiae. Ces deux espèces appartenant au complexe An. gambiae ont été responsable de la totalité de la transmission. L'indice d'anthropophilie, calculé sur les femelles An. gambiae s.l. semigravides capturées au pyrèthre, a été de 83%. Le taux annuel de piqûre d'An. gambiae s.l. a varié entre 512 et 1558 piqûres par homme, selon les villages. Des vecteurs ont été observés toute l'année, à une densité très faible en saison sèche. Une importante augmentation de la population anophélienne, liée aux pluies, a atteint un maximum de l'ordre d'une dizaine de piqûres par homme par nuit en septembre et au début d'octobre; en septembre le taux de piqûres représentait 48% du taux de piqûre annuel. L'indice sporozoïtique moyen d'An. gambiae s.l., déterminé par ELISA révélant la protéine circumsporozoïte, a été de 1,6% pour les femelles agressives et de 1,8% pour les femelles semigravides au repos (différence non significative). Plasmodium falciparum a été la seule espèce plasmodiale observée parmi les anophèles infectés. La transmission dans les deux villages représentatifs de la zone de Niakhar a été de 9 et 12 piqûres d'anophèles infectés par homme par an, survenant principalement entre août et octobre. Dans le troisième village, non représentatif de la zone par ses gîtes larvaires permanents, la transmission a été de 26 piqûres d'anophèles infectés par homme par an. L'ensemble de ces résultats a été discuté dans le contexte de la SénéGambie et du Sahel. The anopheline bioecology and the malaria transmission were studied from January to December 1995 in three villages of the sahelian rural area of Niakhar, Senegal. This area of 29 000 inhabitants, has been for several decades, a regional observatory for population and health. The three methods used for collecting mosquitoes were the collection at larval stages, the all night human biting collection, and the pyrethrum spray catch in houses during afternoons. The anophelines collected were, by numerical importance: Anopheles arabiensis, An. rufipes, An. gambiae, An. pharoensis, An. funestus and An. coustani. In the An. gambiae complex, An. arabiensis represented 97% ...

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Section: La Zone De Niakharunclassified

La transmission du paludisme dans la zone de Niakhar, Sénégal

Robert¹,

Dieng

Lochouarn³

et al. 1998

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…This study was nested into a vaccine trial comparing two different pertussis vaccines (Simondon et al, 1997). Vaccination sessions were conducted during the first week of each month in two public and one private (Catholic) dispensary, with 1 day at each dispensary.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variations and trends in weight and arm circumference of non-pregnant rural Senegalese women, 1990–1997

Simondon¹,

Ndiaye

Dia

et al. 2007

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To describe levels, monthly variations and trends in weight and arm circumference of non-pregnant lactating women living in the Sahel, characterized by one short yearly rainy season (July-October). Methods: A mixed unbalanced cross-sectional longitudinal observational study conducted at 3, 5, 7 and 10 months postpartum among 3869 women living in the Sine area in central Senegal who had brought their infants into dispensaries for immunization from January 1990 to February 1997, and 1-5 consecutive children per woman (26 106 visits). Results: Mean weight was 55.7 kg (s.d.: 7.1), but it varied by 2.5-3.9 kg each year, from high means during the dry season (March-May) to low means at the end of the rainy season (September-November). The prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity (body mass index (BMI)o18.5, 25-29.9 and 430 kg/m 2 , respectively) was 7.6% (95% confidence interval: 7.3, 7.9), 6.4% (6.1, 6.7) and 0.4% (0.3, 0.4), but varied strongly by season (Po0.0001 for all). Unlike weight, mean arm increased during the early rains, a peak season of agricultural work ( þ 0.10 cm/month (s.d.: 0.6) from June to August vs À0.35 kg/month (s.d.: 1.1) for weight). BMI and arm circumference were positively associated with age (mean: 20.8 vs 22.2 kg/m 2 and 25.3 vs 27.4 cm, at 20-24 and 40-49 years, respectively, Po0.0001 for both). Conclusions: Season was a major determinant of the anthropometric status of rural African women. Negative energy balance reduced body weight from the onset of agricultural labour, while arm circumference increased during early rains, probably due to high physical activity.

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“…9 In the 1990 s, an important study including various countries was conducted, with the objective of investigating acellular vaccine induced immunity against pertussis and its efficacy (Table 2). 12,[19][20][21][22] Forsyth et al 23 affirmed that the duration of acellular vaccine induced immunity is around five to six years.…”

Section: Acellular Vaccine Induced Immunologic Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the institution of the Programa Nacional de Imunizações Simondon et al 19 4,181 Case-contact Whole cell > Senegal acellular vaccines Tindberg et al 20 207 Post-vaccination 5.5 Sweden follow-up Salmaso et al 21 8,432 Efficiency study 6 Italy…”

Section: Considerations About Pertussis Epidemiology In the World Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vacina acelular contra pertússis para adolescentes

Carvalho¹,

Pereira²

2006

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Background: The use of whole-cell pertussis vaccine has led to a significant decline in incidence of the disease among children. This change in the epidemiological profile led to an increased number of cases among teenagers and adults, as a result of loss of immunity to the disease or vaccine after approximately 10 years. An increased number of cases was also observed among non-immunized or partially immunized infants. Licensure of the DTP vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis formulated specifically for patients over 10 years of age (Tdap) suggests the possibility of controlling pertussis in the most affected age groups over the past few years.Sources of data: Data were collected from MEDLINE. The research was limited to the period between January 1995 and January 2006. Summary of the findings:In some countries there are two Tdap vaccines licensed for patients over 10 years of age. One of them contains five immunogenic components of Bordetella pertussis (pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, fimbriae 2 and 3, and pertactin), and the other contains three components (pertactin, filamentous hemagglutinin, and inactivated pertussis toxin), the latter being the only one licensed in Brazil up to now. Although the composition of the two vaccines differs, studies show that they have similar effectiveness and immunogenicity. Some authors, however, emphasize that it is difficult to make a precise assessment of the immunological response to the vaccine and its duration. Several countries currently recommend the use of Tdap vaccine for adolescents. Canada has extended the target population up to 54 years of age. The guideline is that this group should receive one dose of the vaccine to reinforce the basic immunization scheme. This is based on study results that show that the vaccine-induced immunity lasts for around 6 to 12 years. Assessments of the economic impact of routine use of the vaccine in adolescents showed a positive cost-benefit ratio. Results of the epidemiological impact depend on the quality of diagnosis so that data reflect the reality of the disease. Conclusions:Although some questions remain to be clarified, the literature indicates the possibility of solving the reappearance of whooping cough (pertussis) with the use of Tdap vaccine. Perhaps the strategy of using a second booster dose in adolescence to replace the double diphtheria and tetanus vaccine should be adopted immediately.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2006;82(3 Suppl):S15-24: Pertussis, whooping cough, pertussis vaccine, vaccine for adolescents, acellular vaccine.

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A randomized double-blind trial comparing a two-component acellular to a whole-cell pertussis vaccine in Senegal

Cited by 229 publications

References 14 publications

La transmission du paludisme dans la zone de Niakhar, Sénégal

La transmission du paludisme dans la zone de Niakhar, Sénégal

Seasonal variations and trends in weight and arm circumference of non-pregnant rural Senegalese women, 1990–1997

Vacina acelular contra pertússis para adolescentes

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