A Quantitative Ultrastructural Study of Regeneration From Isolated Proximal Stumps of Transected Unmyelinated Nerves1, 2, 3

Aguayo, Albert J.; Peyronnard, Jean‐Marie; Bray, Garth M.

doi:10.1097/00005072-197304000-00006

Cited by 70 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Thus, it would seem that autonomic nerves and cutaneous nerves resemble each other with respect to this parameter in a given spe cies. On the other hand, the apparent dilferencesinpercentagedistributionand mean number in two autonomic nerves in two different species [Aguayo et al, 1973[Aguayo et al, , 1976 and in two cutaneous nerves in two different species [present study and Behse et al 1975] seem to suggest that there is a species difference for the autonomic and cutaneous nerves with respect to this parameter.…”

Section: Unmyelinated Fibresmentioning

confidence: 50%

Combined light- and electron-microscopic study of the rat saphenous nerve

Alpsan¹,

Lal²

1980

Cells Tissues Organs

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Using light- and electron-microscopic techniques, a quantitative histological study of the rat saphenous nerve has been carried out. The distribution of myelinated fibre diameters was bimodal; while that of the unmyelinated axons was unimodal. The variation of myelin sheath thickness with axon diameter was non-linear; two straight lines were found to fit the data best. The variation of g (axon diameter/total fibre diameter) with total fibre diameter was also nonlinear, being best fitted by two lines – one straight, the other slightly curved. The number of unmyelinated axons per Schwann cell process was examined. The ratio of unmyelinated axons to myelinated fibres was 3.42:1.

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Section: Unmyelinated Fibresmentioning

confidence: 50%

Combined light- and electron-microscopic study of the rat saphenous nerve

Alpsan¹,

Lal²

1980

Cells Tissues Organs

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“…The small, brightly fluorescent bodies seen proximal to the le sion, particularly at the 3-week stage, are comparable to those seen in developing vas cular adrenergic nerves [Cowen et al, 1981], and may be growth cones. If this is the case, regrowth and ontogeny resemble each other in this, as in other ways [Bray et al, 1972;Aguayo et al, 1973a]. No marked increase of axonal fluorescence was observed in either vessel to indicate the enhanced level of nor adrenaline turnover shown in the iris during regrowth [Hokfelt et al, 1972].…”

Section: Regrowth O F Perivascular Nervesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…This suggests that, in the normal pattern of innervation of these vessels, nerve fibres form terminal branches which spread up as well as down the vessel wall. Another explanation might implicate either retrograde degeneration of axons as suggested by Cragg and Thomas [1961] and Lewis et al [1972] or the onset of axon sprouting, which has been shown to occur in peripheral unmyelinated nerves within 2-4 days of injury [Bray et al, 1972;Aguayo et al. 1973a;Matthews.…”

Section: Degeneration O F Perivascular Nervesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, he showed a loss of about 50% of the axotomised neurons. The hyperinnervation seen during re-innervation in the mesenteric artery resembles the re sponse of the cervical sympathetic trunk to injury [Dyck and Hopkins, 1972;Bray and Aguayo, 1974], Some autonomic and somatic nerves undergo a similar process during on togeny [Aguayo et al, 1973b;Gerova et al, 1974;Mustafa and Gamble, 1979], The ca pacity for the formation of excess sprouts would appear to be intrinsic to some nerves, and may only be limited by the ability of the cell body to support a critical volume of axo plasm [Aguayo et al, 1973a], The lack of a hyper-innervated stage in the carotid artery may be due to the small number of nerve fibres available for distal re-innervation.…”

Section: Regrowth O F Perivascular Nervesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Surgical Procedures on Blood Vessel Innervation

Cowen¹,

MacCormick²,

Toff³

et al. 1982

J Vasc Res

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Four commonly used surgical procedures have been shown to cause extensive damage to the sympathetic nerves which supply and accompany blood vessels. One of these procedures, which produced a localised crush lesion, was shown by fluorescence microscopy to cause extensive degeneration of adrenergic nerves in two densely innervated blood vessels of different character in the guinea pig: the elastic carotid artery, and the muscular mesenteric artery. The extent of denervation was different in the two vessels: in the carotid artery the crush lesion destroyed all the nerves near the lesion, but left undamaged sparse nerves which reached the vessel wall along its length with the vasa vasorum; in the mesenteric artery all the nerves ran with the artery, consequently denervation could be extensive (at least 2 cm distal to the crush), although the largest nerve bundles were resistant to crush injury. The regrowth rate of nerves in the mesenteric artery was faster than that found in the carotid artery. A plexus of normal density and appearance was re-established between 3 and 8 weeks, and hyperinnervation was observed in some specimens. In the carotid artery this process was usually not complete by 8 weeks and involved both the regrowth of injured fibres and collateral sprouting distal to the lesion of the sympathetic nerve fibres that had not been injured. Axon sprouting was observed in both vessels near the lesion site. Explanations for these differences are discussed.

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“…It has been shown that an excess number of axonal sprouts regenerate along the bands of Büngner (Sanders and Young, 1946;Aguayo et al, 1973) and thus their initial number detectable in the distal nerve segment usually exceed the number in the proximal nerve segment (Povlsen and Hildebrand, 1993). With time, a pruning process takes place and only regenerated axons that have reached a proper distal target survive (Sanders and Young, 1946), while the other axons degenerate (Griffin and Hoffman, 1993).…”

Section: Nerve Injury and Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives in regeneration and tissue engineering of peripheral nerves

Raimondo

Fornaro

Tos

et al. 2011

Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger

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S u m m a r yPeripheral nerve injury is a common casualty and although peripheral nerve fibers retain a considerable regeneration potential also in the adult, recovery is usually rather poor, especially in case of large nerve defects. The aim of this paper is to address the perspectives in regeneration and tissue engineering after peripheral nerve injury by reviewing the relevant experimental studies in animal models. After a brief overview of the morphological changes related to peripheral nerve injury and regeneration, the paper will address the evolution of peripheral nerve tissue engineering with special focus on transplantation strategies, from organs and tissues to cells and genes, that can be carried out, particularly in case of severe nerve lesions with substance loss. Finally, the need for integrated research which goes beyond therapeutic strategies based on single approaches is emphasized, and the importance of bringing together the various complimentary disciplines which can contribute to the definition of effective new strategies for regenerating the injured peripheral nerve is outlined.

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A Quantitative Ultrastructural Study of Regeneration From Isolated Proximal Stumps of Transected Unmyelinated Nerves1, 2, 3

Cited by 70 publications

References 0 publications

Combined light- and electron-microscopic study of the rat saphenous nerve

Combined light- and electron-microscopic study of the rat saphenous nerve

The Effect of Surgical Procedures on Blood Vessel Innervation

Perspectives in regeneration and tissue engineering of peripheral nerves

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