A Quantitative Study on the Trachea of the Red Sokoto (Maradi) Goat (Capra hircus)

Abstract

The trachea forms the part of the conducting system which transports air from the external environment to the lungs. The aim of this study was to provide quantitative dimensions of the trachea of Red Sokoto goat (Capra hircus). Quantitative analysis was conducted on nine tracheas from goats (ages were ranged between eight months and three years) without sex variation in this study. The results showed that tracheas were extended from the cricoid cartilage of larynx to the hilus of the lungs, where they were divided into the right and left bronchi. They were structurally composed of the cartilaginous rings that were incomplete dorsally but bridged by tracheal muscles at the ends of the tracheal cartilages. The mean length of the trachea from the first to the last ring was 257 ± 7.11 mm and the number of tracheal rings varied from 35 to 57, with a mean value of 49.33 ± 2.78. The left bronchial mean length (19.78 ± 2.66 mm) was significantly longer than the right (10.44 ± 1.79 mm). The cross-sectional area (CSA) was wider at the intrathoracic area (221.5 ± 0.2 mm2) than cervical area (176 ± 0.1 mm2).

Morphometric properties of larynx and trachea in the New Zealand rabbit

“…The average length of trachea was indicated as 19. 5 cm in the dog (Dabanoglu et al 2001), 257 mm in red sokoto goat (Byanet et al 2014), 54.1±0.73 cm in Arabian oryx (Al-Zhgoul et al, 2013), 3.74 cm in the young and 3.67 cm in adults Saimiri sciureus (Pinheiro et al 2012), 78.28±4.03 cm males and 75.39±5.27 cm in females horses (Freitas et al 2001). In this study the length of trachea was statistically insignificant between the genders but it was statistically different in horse (Freitas et al 2001).…”

“…Loewen and Walner (2001) found that trachea in the New Zealand rabbit had an average of 5.81 mm vertical diameter and 5.41 mm transversal diameter at the beginning. In a study conducted by Byanet et al (2014), on the red sokoto goat irrespective of gender and without dividing trachea into parts, the transversal diameter was calculated to be 11.61±0.41 mm, whereas vertical diameter was calculated to be 13.28±0.41 mm. They found a statistically significant difference between transversal and vertical diameters (Byanet et al, 2014).…”

“…Several factors affect the shape and dimensions of trachea in mammals. For example, tracheal diseases affect its efficiency by changing its shape and adaptability, which in turn results in some complications due to the changes in air flow (Byanet et al 2014). In the relevant literature, no study was found where the New Zealand rabbit's larynx and trachea were investigated in detail.…”

Métodos de diagnóstico por imagem para avaliação traqueal em pequenos animais

“…A traqueia é um tubo semirrígido que se estende da laringe até a sua bifurcação terminal sobre o coração, na altura da quarta ou quinta vértebra torácica (Akers e Denbow, 2008;Dyce et al, 2010;Byanet et al, 2014). É dividida em regiões cervical cranial, média, entrada torácica e intratorácica (Akers e Denbow, 2008;Sura e Durant, 2012).…”

“…Possui aproximadamente 35 a 45 cartilagens traqueais em forma de "C" (Dabanoglu et al, 2001;Mawby et al, 2006;Hayward et al, 2008;Akers e Denbow, 2008), com as paredes laterais e ventral constituídas de cartilagem hialina que são rígidas e dão sua forma e suporte (Dallman e Brown, 1984;Sura e Durant, 2012). A porção dorsal é aberta e composta pelo músculo traqueal (Dallman e Brown, 1984;Mawby et al, 2006;Hayward et al, 2008;Sura e Durant, 2012;Byanet et al, 2014) (Figura 1). Os anéis da traqueia são conectados por faixas de tecido fibroelástico, denominados de ligamentos anulares (Sura e Durant, 2012).…”