A Psychometric Validation of the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale

Royal, Kenneth D.; Thompson, Juan Michael

doi:10.1891/1061-3749.21.3.516

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…White student samples (Hirai & Clum, 2000) and the unidimensional model found with a White church community (Royal & Thompson, 2013). These findings are interesting, as the current results suggest that Latinos may differentiate the socially dysfunctional aspects and embarrassing aspects of stigma, whereas Asian and White Americans may respond to these aspects similarly.…”

Section: Factors Of Stigma In Latinossupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Although testing the original 3-factor model and identifying a better fit model for Latinas/os was the primary purpose of the current studies, given the high interfactor correlations, a higher-order model was explored . Based on the recent finding that supported a unidimensional model of the BTMI (Royal & Thompson, 2013) Alpha reliability coefficients were .91 [.895, .924] for the paper-pencil group and .91 [.894, .924] for the online group.…”

Section: Higher-order Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hirai and Clum (2000) found, with both groups, three BTMI factors assessing three aspects of stigma toward psychological disorders: Dangerousness, Poor Social Skills, and Incurability. A recent study by Royal and Thompson (2013), however, concluded that a single factor model best described the BTMI in a White American sample from a church community. These results raise the question of which factor structure best defines the construct measured by the BTMI, particularly when utilized to measure attitudes toward mental illness in Latinas/os.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In the US, the BTMI has been used to assess stigma toward psychological disorders among a predominantly White student sample (Segal, Coolidge, Minicic, & O'Riley, 2005), in White Factors of Stigma in Latinos 5 community samples (Pepin et al, 2015;Royal & Thompson, 2013;Segal et al, 2005), and among Latinas/os (Hirai et al, 2015;Rojas-Vilches et al, 2011). The BTMI has also been used by researchers in Turkey (e.g., Yildirim, Demirbuken, Balci, & Yurdalan, 2015), Portugal (da Fonseca Santos, Franco, Batista, da Fonseca Santos, & Duarte, 2008), and India (Yadav, Arya, Katarina & Balhara, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factor Structure and Administration Measurement Invariance of the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale in Latino College Samples: Paper–Pencil Versus Internet Administrations

2016

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The psychometric properties of the paper-pencil and online versions of the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale (BTMI) were examined in two studies with Latina/o individuals. In Study 1, 316 Latina/o participants completed the BTMI in a paper-pencil mode. The original three-factor model was found to be a poor fit model for the sample. Subsequent exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses identified a four-factor model as the best fitting model for the sample. The identified factors were Dangerousness, Social Dysfunction, Incurability, and Embarrassment. In Study 2, the identified best fit model was tested with 280 Latina/o participants who completed the BTMI online. The four-factor model had adequate fit. A series of measurement invariance tests on the fit model supported equal factor loadings, but rejected equivalent intercepts across paper-pencil and online administration methods, though partially equivalent intercepts and residuals were found. Consequently, modality-specific norms are recommended, depending on whether paper-pencil or online venues are utilized for administration.

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Section: Factors Of Stigma In Latinossupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Higher-order Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factor Structure and Administration Measurement Invariance of the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale in Latino College Samples: Paper–Pencil Versus Internet Administrations

2016

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“…In addition to the acceptable reliability and validity of the BMI scale by the designers in 2000, sound psychometric properties were also found with regard to substantive, content, structural, and generalizable aspects of validity using Mesick's framework in 2013 [ 15 ]. In this study, subscale analysis of BMI for the dangerousness as well as poor social and incurability subscales revealed that a typical student had attitudes approaching the negative.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitude towards Mental Illness among Secondary School Students in Asmara, Eritrea: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2018

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Secondary School students (SSs) are important members of the community; hence their attitude towards mental illness can be highly influential. Mentally ill individuals are not only suffering from the illness but also suffering from the stigmatizing attitude generated by the community. The objectives of this study were to determine attitude of SSs towards mental illness and its associated factors. A cross-sectional study design employing stratified random sampling was applied to select a sample of 402 students. Data was obtained using a self-administered Belief towards Mental Illness (BMI) questionnaire. Independent sample t-tests and one-way ANOVA were used to determine possible differences in scores of attitude. From a total of 21 BMI scale items, positive attitudes were found in eight items and negative attitudes were found in the remaining thirteen. The mean score of the full BMI scale was 2.47 (95% CI: 2.41, 2.54). The mean (95% CI) scores of dangerousness, poor social relations and incurability, and shame subscales were 2.68 (2.60, 2.76), 2.55 (2.48, 2.62), and 1.22 (1.09, 1.34), respectively. A significant negative correlation was found between attitude scores and the average mark of students (r = -0.257, p<0.0001). Moreover, significant differences in attitude scores were observed between students with a relative of mental illness and those without such a relative (p=0.004). There was an increasing trend of positive attitudes with increased educational level among 9th, 10th, and 11th graders (p-trend<0.0001) and with an increase in the educational level of the students father (p-trend=0.028). However, no significant difference in attitude score was found across categories of sex, religion, living condition of father, presence of a mentally ill neighbor, educational level of mother, or ethnicity. In conclusion, considerable numbers of SSs have negative attitudes towards mental illness. Implementation of programs that enhance positive attitudes towards mentally ill individuals is recommended.

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The relationship between perfectionism and mental illness stigma

Shannon

Goldberg

Flett

et al. 2018

Personality and Individual Differences

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A Psychometric Validation of the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale

Abstract: The BMI is a psychometrically sound instrument that is appropriate for measuring beliefs toward mental illness.

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

Factor Structure and Administration Measurement Invariance of the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale in Latino College Samples: Paper–Pencil Versus Internet Administrations

Factor Structure and Administration Measurement Invariance of the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale in Latino College Samples: Paper–Pencil Versus Internet Administrations

Attitude towards Mental Illness among Secondary School Students in Asmara, Eritrea: A Cross-Sectional Study

The relationship between perfectionism and mental illness stigma

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