A Protection-Motivation Perspective to Explain Intention to Use and Continue to Use Mobile Warning Systems

Abstract

Mobile emergency warning apps are essential for effective emergency communication – of course, provided the population intends to use them. Drawing on protection motivation theory, the study validated a psychometric model to explain what motivates individuals to install a warning app for the first time and to keep using it over time. Multi-group covariance-based structural equation modeling was used to model the answers to a survey that measured the drivers of intention to begin using or intention to continue using a warning app. The model shows that, for both non-users and users, trust, social influence, and response efficacy positively and maladaptive rewards negatively affect intention to use and intention to continue use warning apps. However, perceived vulnerability influences only intention to use, whereas response cost and self-efficacy affect continued use intention. Hence, this study enhances the theoretical understanding of technology-enabled protection behaviors and provides practitioners with a list of factors to consider for pushing the adoption and continued use of emergency warning applications.

Desire to stay shorter time at the shopping mall: insight from protection motivation (PMT), behavioral inhibition system (BIS), reactance, and expectancy theories

“…Our study suggests that trust in vaccination with threat severity, risk, and protection motivation are positive (H1a-H1d) except for H1c. This result is in line with past literature (Fischer-Preßler et al, 2022 ; Shah Alam et al, 2022a ), which studied on travel intention of tourists and mobile warning system according. Despite respondents' low level of confidence in vaccines, it has been demonstrated that those who get vaccinated against COVID-19 are less likely to contract and spread the disease.…”

“…The study of Shah Alam et al ( 2022b ) identified that trust in vaccination has a considerable negative impact on the perceived threat severity, and perceived risk in the perspective of tourist travel intention. Also, Fischer-Preßler et al ( 2022 ) revealed that trust in information quality has a significant relationship with the protection motivation using the mobile warning system in Germany. The following hypotheses are presented based on the foregoing discussion: H1a: Trust in vaccination affect negatively on shoppers’ perceived threat severity.…”

“…Although few studies (Elmashhara & Soares, 2022 ; Santoso et al, 2018 ) went through the desire to stay at the shopping mall, Elmashhara and Soares ( 2019 ) investigated why people stay longer in shopping malls. Various research has been conducted on the protection motivation in various aspects like mobile warning systems (Fischer-Preßler et al, 2022 ), travel intention for tourists (Shah Alam et al, 2022a ), and omnichannel retailing (Liu et al, 2022 ). However, there is a dearth of research on why people stay for a shorter period at shopping malls even after MCO is lifted.…”

Why Do People Hide Knowledge in the Online Knowledge Community? An Integrated Framework of Protection Motivation, Self-Determination, and Social Exchange Beliefs

“…This study defined perceived vulnerability as the users' evaluation of the probability of knowledge infringements. Previous studies in the information systems field also showed perceived vulnerability was an essential factor that motivated individuals to protect information [59,91,92]. When people perceive and measure a threat, they adjust their behavior according to the threat level and decide what to do in the next stage [52,54].…”

“…The findings revealed that students' intention to use anti-spyware software was influenced by perceived vulnerability and severity. Fischer-Preßler et al [59] validated PMT and proposed a model to explain the determinants behind individuals' intention to install warning apps. Their findings showed that perceived vulnerability influenced the intention to use the apps.…”