A Prospective Study of Different Types of Dietary Fiber and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

Abstract

Background and aim: This study was designed to examine the hypothesis that dietary of intake different types of fiber could modify the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a large prospective cohort among Iranian adults. Methods: In 2006–2008, we used a validated food frequency questionnaire to assess dietary fiber intake among 2295 health professionals with no previous history of heart disease. Subjects were subsequently followed until 2012 for incidence of CVD events. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models, adjusted for potential confounders were used to estimate the risk of CVD across tertiles of total dietary fiber and different types of fiber. Linear regression models were also used to indicate the association of dietary fiber intakes with changes of cardiovascular risk factors during the follow-up. Results: Mean age of participants (42.8% men) was 38.2 ± 13.4, at baseline. Mean (SD) dietary intake of total fiber was 23.4 (8.9) g/day. After adjustment for cardiovascular risk score and dietary confounders, a significant inverse association was observed between intakes of total, soluble and insoluble dietary fiber and CVD risk, in the highest compared to the lowest tertiles (HR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.18–0.83, HR = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.09–0.41, and HR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.14–0.69, respectively). Inverse relations were observed between risk of CVD and dietary fiber from legumes, fruits and vegetables; however, dietary fiber intake from grain and nut sources was not related to risk of CVD. Conclusion: Our findings confirmed that higher intakes of dietary fiber from different sources is associated with CVD events and modify its major risk-related factors.

Consumption of 5 Servings of Fruit and Vegetable and Lipid Profile Improvement on Overweight Adolescents: a Randomized Control Trial

“…Soluble fiber also increase the fecal excretion of bile acids and cholesterol fecal excretion then decrease absorption of cholesterol and fatty acid 19 and also reduced LDL-c 4 , 5 , 10 , 18 . Other authors have found a correlation between diet containing fruits and vegetables with lower LDLc concentrations in men and women.…”

“…The effect of fruits and vegetables on total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides may be due to the soluble fiber content contained in vegetables and fruits. Soluble fiber can interfere the absorption of fat and food cholesterol and enterohepatic cholesterol of cholesterol and bile acids 17 , 18 . Soluble fiber bind Advances in Health Sciences Research, volume 13 cholesterol in the lumen of the small intestine then reduced the absorption of cholesterol.…”

The Potential for Plant-Based Diets to Promote Health Among Blacks Living in the United States

“…This disruption of cholesterol production decreases both total and LDL cholesterol to reduces heart disease risk [34]. High fiber intake also increases satiety, which may promote weight management to reduce the risk of heart disease [35,36]. Heart-healthy mono and polyunsaturated fats, such as those commonly found in avocados, nuts, and olive oil, are favorable for the heart because they help to lower blood pressure and triglyceride levels [22].…”

“…In part, plant-based diets tend to be higher in fiber and lower in saturated fats [29]. High fiber diets increase satiety and lessen a blood glucose spike, thereby decreasing insulin requirements [36], A recent systematic review and meta-analysis noted that dietary cereals, whole grains, and fiber are inversely related to T2D incidence [86]. Recommendations for preventing the disease include weight reduction by diet change and increasing consumption of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and fiber [86].…”

Existe Relação Entre Níveis De Retinol Sérico, Ingestão De Fibra E Proteína C-Reativa Ultra-Sensível Em Idosos Hipertensos?

“…Os antioxidantes fornecem proteção contra o estresse oxidativo vascular neutralizando os radicais livres e protegendo contra a inativação do óxido nítrico, exercendo assim efeitos benéficos sobre a função vascular 8 . No que diz respeito às propriedades anti-inflamatórias dos antioxidantes, uma dieta rica em fibras pode ser eficaz na redução da hipertensão 9 . Outros estudos também investigaram o papel do retinol na redução da hipertensão 10,11 .…”