A prospective evaluation of the depression–nutrient intake reverse causality hypothesis in a cohort of community-dwelling older Canadians

Gougeon, Laura; Payette, Hélène; Morais, José A.; Gaudreau, Pierrette; Shatenstein, Bryna; Gray‐Donald, Katherine

doi:10.1017/s0007114517000782

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“… Cognitive Decline Vitamin B 12 and folate have a strong protective effect in mental health decline in the older persons [ 38 ]. Decreased dietary vitamin B 12 , folate, and vitamin B 6 was shown to precede depression in this age group; while vitamin B 12 was found to have protective effects against depression [ 39 , 40 ]. Folate and vitamin B 12 deficiencies result in increased total homocysteine levels associated with faster rates of total brain volume loss and cause severe neurocognitive decline [ 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Inadequate Intakes of Vitamin A, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, Calcium, Iron, and Folate in Older Persons

2018

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Purpose of ReviewThis review broadly discusses the consequences of inadequate consumption, by deficit or excess, of selected micronutrients on the quality of life and morbidity during aging, specifically considering increases in life expectancy and the costs of care in the older persons.Recent FindingsA literature review of the periods 2012 to 2018, focusing on vitamins A, B12, and D, calcium, iron and folate, was completed as these micronutrients are found to significantly affect the aging process. Causation and application of these micronutrients to disorders related to aging are controversial and mixed. This review highlights research needs and controversial points on the role of these micronutrients.SummaryMicronutrient deficiencies are a common and avoidable contributor to decreased quality of life and healthcare costs in the older persons. Further research is needed to determine adequate intakes and innovative uses, including appropriate thresholds for improved health outcomes for this population.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Inadequate Intakes of Vitamin A, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, Calcium, Iron, and Folate in Older Persons

2018

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“…Furthermore, depressive symptoms are connected with increased oxidative stress [43], which, as the findings of this review showed, could be reduced by ω-3 fatty acid supplements [34]. ω-3 fatty acid is especially essential for the maintenance of cell structure and have anti-inflammatory effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…ω-3 fatty acid is especially essential for the maintenance of cell structure and have anti-inflammatory effects. Duffy et al [34], in their study, proved that ω-3 fatty acid supplements may prevent the worsening of subclinical depressive symptoms. On the one hand, the protective effect of 3-3 supplementation is described, but on the other hand, it appears that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs, -3 and -6) may also play an important role in the pathophysiology of depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…• The study protocols, e.g., [27], the studies focusing on other aging diseases in which depression was comorbidity, e.g., [28,29], the studies which contain subjects of all ages, e.g., [30,31], the studies which were aimed at dietary counselling as an intervention, e.g., [32], behavioral studies, e.g., [33], the studies with the reverse hypothesis, e.g., [34], and the review studies, e.g., [23][24][25], were also excluded.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Nutrition and Intestinal Microbiome on Elderly Depression—A Systematic Review

2020

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The aim of this review is to systematically review the evidence whether proper nutrition has a positive impact on the prevention or decline of depressive symptoms among elderly people. In addition, possible connections between nutrition, microbiome, and serotonin molecules and its tryptophan precursor are discussed. The methodology follows the PRISMA guidelines, including the PRISMA flow chart. The authors systematically reviewed peer-review, English-written articles published in Web of Science and PubMed between 2013 and 2018. The findings of six original articles, detected on the set inclusion and exclusion criteria, indicate that there is an association between nutrition and depressive symptoms in the target group, i.e., that proper nutrition has a positive impact on the prevention or reduction of depressive symptoms among elderly people. The findings also reveal that there is a considerable correlation between the intakes of vitamin B and a decrease in the prevalence of depressive symptoms. Furthermore, sufficient nutrient intake of tryptophan appears to be an important factor in terms of nutrition and serotonin levels in the body. The authors consider it important to explore associations between the overall dietary intake and depression since diets are not consumed as individual nutrients. Returning to preventive approaches seems to be a rational way to promote the mental health of seniors. Future studies thus need to include interdisciplinary collaboration: from a good diagnosis of the disease by a psychiatrist, through an analysis of the need for nutrient metabolism by a biochemist to the development of a nutritional plan by a nutritional therapist. The limitations of this review consist in a relatively small number of the studies on this topic, including just few randomized controlled trials, which are a guarantee of efficacy and objectivity in comparison with cross-sectional studies.

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“…16,17,18,19,20 Some studies observed that individuals with regular fruit and vegetables consumption had a lower incidence of depressive symptoms 21,22 , whereas individuals with high consumption of soft drinks, sweets, simple sugars and fast foods had higher depression scores 13,23,24 . Despite that, two other studies have failed at observing the association between healthy food intake and depression 25,26 , indicating that there is no consensus in the literature.…”

Section: àS Colegas Coordenadores E Preceptores Da Residência Multipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumo alimentar e depressão em adultos brasileiros - Resultados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2013

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Introduction: Recently, there has been great interest in the effect of diet on mental health issues. Results indicate the preventive role of foods such as fruits and vegetables in the occurrence of depression, while foods high in sugars and fats would increase the risk of disease. Despite this, studies are still scarce and controversial results. Objective: Evaluating the association between dietary intake and depression in Brazilian adults. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study using data from 46.785 adults interviewed in the National Health Survey in 2013. The regular consumption (≥5x/week) of fruits, vegetables, soft drinks, sweets and the meal for snack replacement were the exhibitions of interest. The Major depression and minor depression, as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 instrument, were the outcomes. The prevalence and 95% confidence intervals of depression were calculated as a function of socioeconomic, demographic and food consumption markers. Simple and multiple multinomial regression models, adjusted for confounding variables, were performed to obtain adjusted odds ratios (OR) and adjusted OR, respectively. Results: Individuals with regular sweets consumption were 42.0% more likely to present major depression (OR=1.42; 95% CI=1.24-1.62). The sweets consumption was associated with major depression for both genders (men: OR=1.47; 95% CI=1.12-1.93; women: OR=1.40; 95% CI=1.19-1.63); While to the soft drinks regular consumption and regular replacement of meals for snacks, was associated with major depression only among women (OR=1.17; 95% CI=1.01-1.63 and OR=1.28; 95% CI=1.01-1.64, respectively). Those who consumed beans regularly had likely 18% less to present major depression in the general population (OR=0.82; 95% CI=0.73-0.93) and among women. Among men, those who regularly consumed vegetables, had 27% lower probability of presenting major depression (OR=0.73; 95% CI=0.57-0.93). Conclusion: There is an indication of a possible role of food in depression: being regular sweets consumption and regular replacement of meals for snacks associated with higher probability of depression, and regular consumption of beans associated with less probability. Longitudinal studies exploring the mechanisms of these associations are necessary before recommendations are made in public health.

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A prospective evaluation of the depression–nutrient intake reverse causality hypothesis in a cohort of community-dwelling older Canadians

Cited by 22 publications

References 59 publications

Consequences of Inadequate Intakes of Vitamin A, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, Calcium, Iron, and Folate in Older Persons

Consequences of Inadequate Intakes of Vitamin A, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, Calcium, Iron, and Folate in Older Persons

The Impact of Nutrition and Intestinal Microbiome on Elderly Depression—A Systematic Review

Consumo alimentar e depressão em adultos brasileiros - Resultados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2013

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