Baixo peso e dependência funcional em idosos institucionalizados de Uberlândia (MG), BrasilLow weight and functional disability in institutionalized elderly interns in Uberlândia in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Our study aimed to evaluate the association between food consumption and depression. We used data from the Brazilian National Health Survey; a cross-sectional study carried out in 2013 among 46,785 Brazilian adults. The exposures were regular consumption (≥ 5 times/week) of the markers of healthy (beans, vegetables, fruits, and natural fruit juices) and unhealthy food (sugar sweetened beverages; sweets and the substitution of lunch or dinner for snacks); and a nutritional score elaborated by combining the frequency of consumption of markers of healthy and unhealthy food, the higher the value, the better the diet. The outcome was depression, assessed through the PHQ-9 questionnaire answered by the participants. Those with PHQ-9 scores greater than or equal to 10 were classified as presenting depression. We performed logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Regular consumption of sweets (OR = 1.53; 95%CI: 1.33-1.76) and regular replacement of meals for snacks (OR = 1.52; 95%CI: 1.21-1.90) were positively associated with depression. Regular consumption of sugar sweetened beverages was positively associated with depression among women (OR = 1.27; 95%CI: 1.10-1.48). Regular consumption of beans was negatively associated with depression (OR = 0.74; 95%CI: 0.65-0.84), consistent for both sexes. Comparing the top quintile of the nutritional score (healthier diet) to the bottom quintile (less healthy) we found a negative association with depression (OR = 0.63; 95%CI: 0.52-0.75). Our results add evidence on a possible role of food consumption in depression; future longitudinal studies should explore the mechanisms of these associations.

Objective: To correlate the nutritional status with variables associated to the type of diet and feeding route of children and adolescents with spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: This cross-sectional study included 28 patients aged ≤13 years old who presented a diagnosis of spastic quadriplegic CP and were followed by the nutrition team of the Outpatient Clinic for Special Patients of Hospital de Clínicas de Uberlândia - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (HC-UFU), between July/2016 and January/2017. Consent forms were signed by the legal guardians. The nutritional status was evaluated and data on dietary complications food route and type of diet were collected. For the description of data, average and median values were used. Correlation was tested with Spearman’s index. Significance was set at p<0.05. Results: 75% of patients used alternative feeding routes (nasoenteral, catheter or gastrostomy), 57% were eutrophic. The most frequent complications were oropharyngeal dysphagia, reflux and intestinal constipation. No correlation was found between the occurrence of complications and the nutritional status. There was a positive correlation between the diet received and the patient’s nutritional status (0.48; p=0.01), i.e. individuals with adequate caloric and macronutrients intake had a better nutritional status. Conclusions: The results reinforce the need for continued nutritional guidance for the children’s parents/caregivers, as well as the choice of an adequate rout of feeding to each child by the multi-professional team, in order to contribute to improved nutritional status and adequate dietary intake.

Introduction: Recently, there has been great interest in the effect of diet on mental health issues. Results indicate the preventive role of foods such as fruits and vegetables in the occurrence of depression, while foods high in sugars and fats would increase the risk of disease. Despite this, studies are still scarce and controversial results. Objective: Evaluating the association between dietary intake and depression in Brazilian adults. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study using data from 46.785 adults interviewed in the National Health Survey in 2013. The regular consumption (≥5x/week) of fruits, vegetables, soft drinks, sweets and the meal for snack replacement were the exhibitions of interest. The Major depression and minor depression, as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 instrument, were the outcomes. The prevalence and 95% confidence intervals of depression were calculated as a function of socioeconomic, demographic and food consumption markers. Simple and multiple multinomial regression models, adjusted for confounding variables, were performed to obtain adjusted odds ratios (OR) and adjusted OR, respectively. Results: Individuals with regular sweets consumption were 42.0% more likely to present major depression (OR=1.42; 95% CI=1.24-1.62). The sweets consumption was associated with major depression for both genders (men: OR=1.47; 95% CI=1.12-1.93; women: OR=1.40; 95% CI=1.19-1.63); While to the soft drinks regular consumption and regular replacement of meals for snacks, was associated with major depression only among women (OR=1.17; 95% CI=1.01-1.63 and OR=1.28; 95% CI=1.01-1.64, respectively). Those who consumed beans regularly had likely 18% less to present major depression in the general population (OR=0.82; 95% CI=0.73-0.93) and among women. Among men, those who regularly consumed vegetables, had 27% lower probability of presenting major depression (OR=0.73; 95% CI=0.57-0.93). Conclusion: There is an indication of a possible role of food in depression: being regular sweets consumption and regular replacement of meals for snacks associated with higher probability of depression, and regular consumption of beans associated with less probability. Longitudinal studies exploring the mechanisms of these associations are necessary before recommendations are made in public health.