1996
DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830050073012
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A Prospective 4-Year Follow-up Study of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity and Related Disorders

Abstract: These results confirm and extend previous retrospective results indicating that children with ADHD are at high risk of developing a wide range of impairments affecting multiple domains of psychopathology such as cognition, interpersonal, school, and family functioning. These findings provide further support for the value of considering psychiatric comorbidity in both clinical assessment and research protocols involving children with ADHD.

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Cited by 663 publications
(389 citation statements)
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References 47 publications
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“…Três artigos focalizavam amostras de crianças com hiperatividade provenientes de clínicas psiquiátricas ou psicológicas (Barkley, Fischer, Edelbrock, & Smallish, 1990;Biederman et al, 1996;Fischer, Barkley, Fletcher, & Smallish, 1993). Este conjunto de estudos prioriza a investigação do curso do transtorno e não a trajetória de desenvolvimento da criança.…”
Section: Resultsunclassified
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“…Três artigos focalizavam amostras de crianças com hiperatividade provenientes de clínicas psiquiátricas ou psicológicas (Barkley, Fischer, Edelbrock, & Smallish, 1990;Biederman et al, 1996;Fischer, Barkley, Fletcher, & Smallish, 1993). Este conjunto de estudos prioriza a investigação do curso do transtorno e não a trajetória de desenvolvimento da criança.…”
Section: Resultsunclassified
“…Este conjunto de estudos prioriza a investigação do curso do transtorno e não a trajetória de desenvolvimento da criança. Biederman et al (1996) investigaram, em crianças com TDAH, a presença de comorbidade com outros transtornos psiquiátricos e a presença de prejuízos cognitivos, acadêmicos e adaptativos. As variáveis investigadas em um ano e quatro anos de seguimento foram desempenho escolar, transtornos psiquiátricos, funcionamento cognitivo e social e nível sócio-econômico.…”
Section: Resultsunclassified
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“…However, there is a paucity of information about the relationship between other problem behaviours (such as somatic problems and thought problems) and substance use in early adulthood [12]. Problem behaviours such as attention difficulties and conduct problems often co-occur [8], and there is also evidence of co-occurrence of internalizing and externalizing behaviours [14]. This makes it difficult to assess the independent contribution of individual problem behaviours to later development of substance use.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…ADHD sometimes co-occurs with CD (Biederman et al, 1996(Biederman et al, , 1998Lynskey and Hall, 2001), a situation that can make it difficult to determine whether a characteristic is related to one or both of these disorders. The appearance of CD among ADHD children is associated with a more severe clinical course than might be expected with ADHD alone, including an earlier onset of more intense antisocial behaviors (Biederman et al, 1992;Thapar et al, 2001;Todd et al, 2001).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%