A Proposed Model Linking Inflammation to Obesity, Diabetes, and Periodontal Infections

Genco, Robert J.; Grossi, Sara G.; Ho, Alex; Nishimura, Fusanori; Murayama, Yoji

doi:10.1902/jop.2005.76.11-s.2075

Cited by 578 publications

(631 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Nishida et al 27) suggested that obesity was second only to smoking as the predominant risk factor for inflammatory periodontal destruction of tissue. The results of other cross-sectional studies 1,8,15,22,36,37,43) also indicate an association between obesity and periodontal disease. The biological mechanisms for an association between obesity and periodontitis remain to be clarified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Relationship between General Health, Lifestyle, Oral Health, and Periodontal Disease in Adults: A Large Cross-sectional Study in Japan

Kitagawa

Kurahashi

Mutoh

2017

Bull. Tokyo Dent. Coll.

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The aim of this study was to investigate how general health, oral conditions, and lifestyle were associated with periodontal disease in adults, as clarifying this relationship may be useful in preventing periodontal disease. Medical checkups were conducted on individuals aged 40, 50, or 60 years. Data were obtained for analysis on a total of 36,110 patients (men, 12,784; women, 22,896). A stepwise logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) for patients who were ≥code 3 according to the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Approximately 40, 60, and 70% of men aged 40, 50, and 60 years, respectively, had a CPI score of ≥3. There were 10% fewer women than men at each age. Stepwise logistic regression revealed a BMI score of ≥30 kg/m 2 (OR, 1.44; 95% confidence interval [95%CI], 1.20-1.73); systolic blood pressure of ≥140 mmHg (OR, 1.09; 95%CI, 1.02-1.18); a fasting blood sugar level of ≥110 mg/dl (OR, 1.17; 95%CI, 1.04-1.30); high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level of <40 mg/dl (OR, 1.21; 95%CI, 1.06-1.37); smoker (OR, 1.59; 95%CI, 1.48-1.71); drinking ≥3 cups of Japanese sake per day (OR, 1.09; 95%CI, 1.05-1.14); use of salts for seasoning (OR, 1.17; 95%CI, 1.07-1.28); and fair and poor oral hygiene (OR, 2.27; 95%CI, 2.08-2.47) as significant risk factors for a CPI score of ≥3. These results suggest that smoking, oral hygiene status, and factors associated with metabolic syndrome are associated with periodontitis. This indicates that health guidance on tooth brushing, the importance of quitting smoking, and control of obesity may be effective in preventing the development of periodontal disease in adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Relationship between General Health, Lifestyle, Oral Health, and Periodontal Disease in Adults: A Large Cross-sectional Study in Japan

Kitagawa

Kurahashi

Mutoh

2017

Bull. Tokyo Dent. Coll.

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“…Being obese or overweight has been suggested to be associated with periodontitis, because obesity due to inflammatory mediators may affect systemic health through influencing host susceptibility to periodontitis 12) . Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory oral disease of the adult population characterized by a gingival inflammatory response to pathogenic bacterial microflora, resulting in alveolar bone loss and eventually tooth loss 29) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin-34 Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Plasma in Healthy and Diseased Periodontal Tissue in Presence or Absence of Obesity: A Clinico-biochemical Study

Guruprasad

Pradeep

2018

Bull. Tokyo Dent. Coll.

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Interleukin (IL)-34 has recently been identified as an alternative ligand for colonystimulating factor-1 receptor and plays an important role in osteoclastogenesis. The aim of this study was to assess and compare IL-34 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and plasma in obese individuals in the presence or absence of periodontal disease and to determine whether they showed a correlation with disease severity. Forty patients aged between 25 and 40 yr were enrolled and categorized into 4 groups: 10 non-obese patients with healthy periodontium (Group I); 10 obese patients with healthy periodontium (Group II); 10 non-obese patients with chronic periodontitis (Group III); and 10 obese patients with chronic periodontitis (Group IV). Demographic variables such as age and body mass index score were recorded and assessed, together with clinical periodontal parameters such as the gingival index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level scores in all groups. The GCF and plasma levels of IL-34 were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that the mean IL-34 concentrations in GCF or plasma were highest in Group IV, followed by Group III, Group II, and Group I, with the difference among them being statistically significant (p<0.05). These results suggest that obese individuals with periodontitis have higher GCF and plasma IL-34 levels than non-obese individuals with healthy periodontium. This suggests IL-34 as a potential inflammatory marker of periodontal disease and obesity.

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“…39 TNF-a produced from the adipocytes was shown to be a pathogenic factor linking obesity to diabetes and periodontal disease. 40 These findings indicate that systemic approach for periodontal therapy and prevention are needed in addition to the local control of infection and inflammation. Therefore, we suggest that orally administrated L-bLF may be more effective for the prevention of periodontitis especially in patients with diabetes mellitus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effects of orally administrated liposomal bovine lactoferrin on the LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis

Yamano

Miyauchi

Furusyo

et al. 2010

Laboratory Investigation

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Bovine lactoferrin (bLF) modulates the production of proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, and may thus control alveolar bone destruction associated with periodontitis. In this study, the effects of bLF on mRNA expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated osteoblasts (OBs) and on LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis were examined. The inhibitory effects of oral administration of liposomal-bLF (L-bLF), which improved the robustness of bLF to digestive enzymes, on alveolar bone resorption using LPS-induced periodontitis rat model are also reported. Three groups of 7-week-old male Wistar rats were treated with L-bLF (L-bLF group), bLF (bLF group), or the vehicle (control group) in drinking water (n ¼ 6 in each group). On day 7, LPS was topically applied into the gingival sulcus. Number of osteoclasts and immunoexpression of TNF-a were analyzed. The bLF inhibited the upregulation of TNF-a-mRNA-and upregulation of receptor activator of NFkB (RANKL)-mRNA expression and eliminated downregulation of osteoprotegerin (OPG)-mRNA expression in LPS-stimulated OBs and reduced LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis in co-culture with primary OBs and bone marrow cells. In the control group, the number of osteoclasts increased after LPS treatment. The number of osteoclasts that appeared along the alveolar bone margin was significantly reduced (Po0.01) in the L-bLF but not in the bLF group. Furthermore, L-bLF suppressed upregulation of TNF-a immunoexpression in periodontal tissue and TNF-a and interleukin (IL)-1b-mRNA level in gingival tissue. The results of this study indicate that oral administration of L-bLF significantly reduces alveolar bone resorption induced by LPS stimulation through inhibition of TNF-a production and modulation of RANKL/OPG balance in OBs. It is suggested that L-bLF could be a potent therapeutic and preventive agent for attenuating alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis patients.

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A Proposed Model Linking Inflammation to Obesity, Diabetes, and Periodontal Infections

Cited by 578 publications

References 44 publications

Relationship between General Health, Lifestyle, Oral Health, and Periodontal Disease in Adults: A Large Cross-sectional Study in Japan

Relationship between General Health, Lifestyle, Oral Health, and Periodontal Disease in Adults: A Large Cross-sectional Study in Japan

Interleukin-34 Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Plasma in Healthy and Diseased Periodontal Tissue in Presence or Absence of Obesity: A Clinico-biochemical Study

Inhibitory effects of orally administrated liposomal bovine lactoferrin on the LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis

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