A proposal for evaluating cognition in assertiveness.

Abstract

This article presents the development process and initial psychometric features of an instrument for evaluating cognition in assertiveness. This is an essential social skill for adolescent development and seems to encompass emotional, behavioral, and cognitive aspects. The instrument was created by combining both empirical and theoretical methods for item construction, aiming to evaluate the cognitive realm of assertiveness. A sample of 996 adolescent students was used to test for reliability and validity. Results indicate good psychometric properties. The instrument is composed of 4 subscales: Outer Emotional Support, Functional Personal Ability, Interpersonal Management, and Affective Personal Ability. The Assertive Interpersonal Schema Questionnaire may potentially be a useful tool in the diagnosis of, understanding of, and development of a treatment plan for individuals with persistent difficulties in social events.

A Cognitive Perspective for Understanding and Training Assertiveness

“…In addition, Arrindell et al (1990) using various clinical and nonclinical samples found that the more the individual practices assertive behaviors, the less he/she feels nervous or anxious in interpersonal events where such behavior is enacted (Arrindell et al, 1990). Furthermore, Vagos and Pereira (2010), in trying to validate the construct of the Assertive Interpersonal Questionnaire, found that the more the individual endorses assertive cognitions, the more likely he/she will practice assertive behaviors 2 Eisler, Hersen, Miller and Blanchard (1975) found specific non-verbal behaviors to be differently associated to negative and positive assertion in psychiatric male patients. They also found that the expression of positive or negative assertion varied according to whether it was practiced toward female versus male and familiar versus unfamiliar counterparts.…”

“…In addition, Arrindell et al (1990) using various clinical and nonclinical samples found that the more the individual practices assertive behaviors, the less he/she feels nervous or anxious in interpersonal events where such behavior is enacted (Arrindell et al, 1990). Furthermore, Vagos and Pereira (2010), in trying to validate the construct of the Assertive Interpersonal Questionnaire, found that the more the individual endorses assertive cognitions, the more likely he/she will practice assertive behaviors and the less likely he/she will feel anxious or nervous in interpersonal events. Finally, the therapy outcomes results obtained by Valerio and Stone (1982) refer to concomitant cognitive and behavioral improvement following either behavioral rehearsal alone or cognitive restructuring alone, thus indicating that behavioral and cognitive change affect each other.…”

Асертивност И Депресивна Личност Студената Педагошког И Медицинског Усмерења На Почетку Студија

“…глагол са значењем "изјавити, тврдити, бра-нити") и assertive (енгл. придев са значењем "упоран, самосвестан, самопоуздан") и представља својеврсну способност самоизражавања (Vagos & Pereira, 2010). Најчешће се описује у контексту два супрот-на облика социјалног понашања, субмисивног и агресивног (Van Dyk & Evans, 2008).…”

Psychological Distress: Contributes for the Portuguese Adaption of the Sq-48

“…Neste sentido, dever-se-ão realizar novas investigações de forma que possamos interpretar melhor estes dados, para além das eventuais características inerentes à cultura portuguesa. (Vagos & Pereira, 2010).…”

“…Assim, constructos psicológicos positivos (ou capital psicológico) parecem associar-se à experiência de emoções positivas que, por sua vez, se associam a diminuições nos sintomas de stress e ansiedade. Também o papel da variável cultural enquanto fator explicativo para as variações encontradas foi já referenciado por outras investigadoras no âmbito da avaliação psicológica (Vagos & Pereira, 2010).…”