A Process-Oriented Approach to Teaching Religion and Spirituality in Psychiatry Residency Training

Awaad, Rania; Ali, Sara; Salvador, Melina; Bandstra, Belinda

doi:10.1007/s40596-014-0256-y

Cited by 26 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, caution is recommended when using these treatments, as this is a private and personal matter that should be considered but not used as a prescription [ 68 ]. In addition, some doctors do not feel prepared to integrate R/S in clinical practice [ 69 – 71 ]. These observations endorse the necessity of introducing the R/S topic into medical schools to clarify the clinical implications and professional conduct in the field [ 72 , 73 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary religious and spiritual interventions in physical health and quality of life: A systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials

et al. 2017

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ObjectiveTo examine whether religious and spiritual interventions (RSIs) can promote physical health and quality of life in individuals.MethodsThe following databases were used to conduct a systematic review: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane, and Scielo. Randomized controlled trials that evaluated RSIs regarding physical health outcomes and/or quality of life in English, Spanish or Portuguese were included. RSI protocols performed at a distance (i.e. intercessory prayer) or for psychiatric disorders were excluded. This study consisted of two phases: (a) reading titles and abstracts, and (b) assessing the full articles and their methodological quality using the Cochrane Back Review Group scale.ResultsIn total, 7,070 articles were identified in the search, but 6884 were excluded in phase 1 because they were off topic or repeated in databases. Among the 186 articles included in phase 2, 140 were excluded because they did not fit the inclusion criteria and 16 did not have adequate randomization process. Thus, a final selection of 30 articles remained. The participants of the selected studies were classified in three groups: chronic patients (e.g., cancer, obesity, pain), healthy individuals and healthcare professionals. The outcomes assessed included quality of life, physical activity, pain, cardiac outcomes, promotion of health behaviors, clinical practice of healthcare professionals and satisfaction with protocols. The divergence concerning scales and protocols proposed did not allow a meta-analysis. RSIs as a psychotherapy approach were performed in 40% of the studies, and the control group was more likely to use an educational intervention (56.7%). The results revealed small effect sizes favoring RSIs in quality of life and pain outcomes and very small effects sizes in physical activity, promotion of health behaviors and clinical practice of health professionals compared with other complementary strategies. Other outcomes, such as cardiac measures and satisfaction with the protocols, revealed no evidence for RSIs. Regarding the quality of the selected articles according to the Cochrane Back Review Group Scale, the average score was 6.83 (SD = 9.08) on a scale of 11, demonstrating robustness in the studies.ConclusionClinical trials on RSIs demonstrated that they had small benefits compared with other complementary health therapies by reducing pain and weight, improving quality of life and promoting health behaviors. The lack of clinical trials that included biological outcomes and the diversity of approaches indicate a need for more studies to understand the possible mechanisms of action of RSIs and their roles in health care.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary religious and spiritual interventions in physical health and quality of life: A systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials

et al. 2017

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“…Except for three of the included studies, the residents were in the third year, 15,18,20 and at least one psychiatrist mentioned the profile of the coordinators. [13][14][15]18,22 A total of 31 methods and 23 different topics were found in the categorized results. 10 The residents' assessment was summative and formative, quantitative and qualitative.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further details of this systematic review can be found elsewhere. 10 The eleven selected studies [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] were evaluated according to the following seven categories: residency year in which the intervention was implemented, course coordinator/faculty teaching methods, topics covered, evaluation tools and results (for the curriculum, residents, and patients), R/S competencies addressed, and recommended bibliography.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religiosity and spirituality in psychiatry residency programs: why, what, and how to teach?

Oliveira

Peteet

Moreira‐Almeida

2021

Braz. J. Psychiatry

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Objective: To propose a core curriculum for religiosity and spirituality (R/S) in clinical practice for psychiatry residency programs based on the available evidence. Methods: After performing a review of studies on the implementation of R/S curricula and identifying the most commonly taught topics and teaching methods, an R/S curriculum was developed based on the most prevalent strategies, as well as recommendations from psychiatric associations, resulting in a fairly comprehensive R/S curriculum that is simple enough to be easily implemented, even where there is a shortage of time and of faculty expertise. Results: The curriculum is a twelve-hour course (six 2-hour sessions). The topics include: concepts and evidence regarding R/S and mental health relationships, taking a spiritual history/case formulation, historical aspects and research, main local R/S traditions, differential diagnosis between spiritual experiences and mental disorders, and R/S integration in the approach to treatment. The teaching methods include: classes, group discussions, studying guidelines, taking spiritual histories, panels, field visits, case presentations, and clinical supervision. The evaluation of residents includes: taking a spiritual history and formulating an R/S case. The program evaluation includes: quantitative and qualitative written feedback. Conclusions: A brief and feasible core R/S curriculum for psychiatry residency programs is proposed; further investigation of the impact of this educational intervention is needed.

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“…Suggestions for improvement included more skills training and more teaching about different religions. Some were aware that an evening elective existed for this purpose, 21 but most could not attend.…”

Section: Physicians' Reflections Regarding the Curriculum (Theme 4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A 10-Year Longitudinal Study of Effects of a Multifaceted Residency Spiritual Care Curriculum: Clinical Ability, Professional Formation, End of Life, and Culture

Anandarajah

Roseman

Lee

et al. 2016

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management

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A Process-Oriented Approach to Teaching Religion and Spirituality in Psychiatry Residency Training

Cited by 26 publications

References 13 publications

Complementary religious and spiritual interventions in physical health and quality of life: A systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials

Complementary religious and spiritual interventions in physical health and quality of life: A systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials

Religiosity and spirituality in psychiatry residency programs: why, what, and how to teach?

A 10-Year Longitudinal Study of Effects of a Multifaceted Residency Spiritual Care Curriculum: Clinical Ability, Professional Formation, End of Life, and Culture

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