A Printed Wireless Triangle‐Wave Generator via a Smartphone

Abstract

An all‐printed wireless triangle‐wave generator is needed to produce a printed wireless and disposable cyclic voltammetry (CV)‐based biosensor to detect redox‐active analytes. The generator should produce positive and negative potentials from the smartphone's near‐field‐communication (NFC) (13.56 MHz) carrier signal. However, the printed triangle‐wave generator that contains rectenna and a ring oscillator fails to wirelessly operate with a smartphone because the polarized (±) DC power from the NFC carrier signal of the smartphone could not be provided through the utilization of a printed Schottky diode. Herein, an n‐type indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO)‐based ink is formulated to print the Schottky junction with a high work function of the printed electrode provided by in situ doping of printed poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) on Ag electrode. The printed IGZO‐based rectenna could wirelessly harvest polarized (±) DC 10 V from the smartphone to generate a triangle wave with positive and negative potentials through the printed ring oscillator.

Printed Electronics in Radiofrequency Energy Harvesters and Wireless Power Transfer Rectennas for IoT Applications

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 302 ] Copyright 2021, Wiley‐VCH. g) Wireless power transfer using a screen‐printed antenna and smartphone downloading a video.…”

“…Mature organic printing diode technology is limited to HF. [ 179 ] Diodes that can operate in the UHF band and above can be made using silicon [ 339 ] or IGZO [ 302 ] layers, but the first one does not offer high throughput and cost‐effectiveness, and the latter requires high‐temperature processing when printed. [ 364 ] Solution processing of silicon is now elaborated to enhance efficiency, and IGZO‐based diodes can be fabricated using a hybrid approach combining printing and vacuum techniques, e.g., RF sputtering.…”

“…Copyright 2012, Elsevier B.V. f) Schematic flowchart for printing rectenna through combined R2R and R2P gravure processes. Reproduced with permission [302]. Copyright 2021, Wiley-VCH.…”

Toward Next-Generation Mobile Diagnostics: Near-Field Communication-Powered Electrochemiluminescent Detection

“…Such interfaces may be complete instruments, such as potentiostats 14−16 or disposable printed and discrete components heterogeneously integrated. 12,13,17 When considering mobile phones as complete analytical platforms, we can set two critical goals: first, to get rid of any intermediate instrumentation between the smartphone and the disposable sensing part; second, to simplify the sensing part as much as possible so it can work with the least number of components. The first goal means usability and convenience for the users.…”

“…More recently, the Near Field Communication (NFC) module has also been used to control a potentiostated module. , The main limitation facing these approaches so far is that they require additional electronic interfaces between the smartphone and the sensor. Such interfaces may be complete instruments, such as potentiostats − or disposable printed and discrete components heterogeneously integrated. ,, …”