A preliminary study on using enzymes in cleaning archaeological wood

Hamed, Safa Abd El-Kader Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2012.02.026

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Paraffin wax made a shining surface to the paper samples in contrast to the surface of a sample that was not treated with the wax. The treatment with toluene increased the degradation of fibers (Hassan, 2015), and weakened the paper fibers (Hamed et al , 2013); when the samples were treated with isopropanol gel, the entire wax layer was removed, without causing fiber degradation, unlike those treated with toluene solution. Moreover, the cleaning surface of the samples became purer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the humid-thermal aging, the fibers appeared. The heat made them weaker, and the wax remaining inside the fibers melted more (Hamed et al , 2013; Hassan, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature reports that cleaning with toluene has a poor effect on cleaning cracks and fissures due to mechanical pressure resulting from shrinkage. After toluene evaporation following the cleaning process, toluene causes stress and distortion within cells and a slight change (Hamed et al , 2013). Moreover, toluene affects the chemical composition of the paper components and causes the accelerated oxidation and hydrolysis of paper samples (Hassan, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A comparative experimental study of the use of toluene and isopropyl alcohol gel in cleaning wax stains from paper supports

Salim

2022

PRT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The aim of the present paper to compare the cleaning treatments of paper samples exposed to artificial aging, toluene and isopropyl alcohol gel in cleaning wax stains. Design/methodology/approach In total, paper samples were made from wood pulp. They had a deterioration phenomenon represented in the stains of the paraffin wax, so two types of cleaning were used: A traditional method using a toluene solution and another new method using isopropanol gel by a cotton swap in a circular movement until the completion of the cleaning process. Then, all paper samples were treated with toluene and isopropanol to handle the second artificial aging and detect how the samples were affected by artificial aging. For identifying the efficacy of these materials in removing paraffin wax stains, a range of examinations and analyses were used, such as universal serial bus, scanning electron microscope, infrared analysis (IR), pH analysis, color change analysis. Moreover, these results were compared with the standard sample’s results. Findings The results of examinations and analyses proved that the use of toluene affected the paper samples. Their effects were twice as weak, fragile and degraded paper fibers compared to isopropanol gel. Therefore, the isopropanol gel is preferred for paper cleaning to the toluene solution. Originality/value This paper highlights the efficiency of isopropyl alcohol gel in cleaning wax stains from historical paper supports.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the humid-thermal aging, the fibers appeared. The heat made them weaker, and the wax remaining inside the fibers melted more (Hamed et al , 2013; Hassan, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A comparative experimental study of the use of toluene and isopropyl alcohol gel in cleaning wax stains from paper supports

Salim

2022

PRT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(2010); (ii) Cremonesi, (1999); (iii) De La Chapelle, (2003); (iv) Ferrari et al . (2017); (v) Hamed (2012); (vi) Palla et al . (2016), (vii) Petrella et al .…”

Section: Enzymes In Biorestorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocleaning on Cultural Heritage: new frontiers of microbial biotechnologies

Ranalli

Zanardini

2021

J Appl Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the last two decades, the biotechnologies applied to Cultural heritage (CH) have become a successful novel alternative to the traditional approaches in the CH conservation and preservation. From these new perspectives, microorganisms and their metabolisms can be used for the safeguarding of artworks. Biocleaning is a field with a growing interest, based on eco-friendly processes and safe procedures, where biological reactions occurring in natural habitats are optimized in artificial conditions with the aim of CH conservation. This represents a new tool and opportunity for the development and improvement of the sector, with a great advantage for the CH conservationrestoration, in terms of safety, effectiveness, costs and environmental sustainability. This review focuses on the use of microbes and enzymes involved in biocleaning of CH artworks. The aim is to provide a comprehensive, critical and chronological view of the scientific works published until now where 'virtuous' microorganisms are applied on different CH materials, pointing out strength and drawback of the biocleaning treatments.

show abstract

“…Enzyme-based treatments have been abundantly applied in conservation science to clean paper, textiles, paintings, wood and other artefacts [20][21][22][23]. Enzymes could also be applied on natural building stones to remove biocolonisation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Potential of Enzyme-Based Detergents to Remove Biofouling from Limestone Heritage

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Commonwealth war cemeteries commemorate the fallen of both world wars. Every casualty is remembered with a memorial or on a headstone. However, the headstones need to be maintained extensively, as microorganisms easily colonise them, affecting legibility and the stone substrate in the longer term. In the past, pesticides and other chemicals were popular to clean headstones, but due to raised environmental concerns, new treatment strategies are necessary. Within conservation science, enzymes have emerged as a popular tool for restoration. However, studies related to the use of enzymes for stone conservation are limited. Within this preliminary study, we applied commercially available enzyme-based treatments on biofouled natural building stones in the laboratory and in situ. Photography and spectrophotometry were used to monitor the effect of the treatment. The application of enzymes resulted in rapid disintegration of biological pigments, whereas visual improvement occurred more gradually. The successful application of enzymes suggests their potential to replace pesticides as the principal cleaning agent for headstones and natural building stones in a more general fashion.

show abstract

A preliminary study on using enzymes in cleaning archaeological wood

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

A comparative experimental study of the use of toluene and isopropyl alcohol gel in cleaning wax stains from paper supports

A comparative experimental study of the use of toluene and isopropyl alcohol gel in cleaning wax stains from paper supports

Biocleaning on Cultural Heritage: new frontiers of microbial biotechnologies

Examining the Potential of Enzyme-Based Detergents to Remove Biofouling from Limestone Heritage

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About