A Preliminary Study on the Ability of the Trypsin-Like Peptidase Activity Assay Kit to Detect Periodontitis

Iwasaki, Masanori; Usui, Michihiko; Ariyoshi, Wataru; Nakashima, Keisuke; Nagai‐Yoshioka, Yoshie; Inoue, Maki; Nishihara, Tatsuji

doi:10.3390/dj8030098

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In addition, to assess the risk of oral disease, a chairside saliva testing device using test strips with multiple (6 to 7) indicators has been introduced in Japan. The SillHa (ARKRAY Inc., Kyoto, Japan) and the Salivary Multi Test ® (SMT ® ; Lion Corp., Tokyo, Japan) can measure multiple saliva indicators (blood, leukocytes, and proteins) related to gingival health [ 159 ]. Both products consist of test strip kits and an automated wavelength reflectometry device that reads color changes on the test strips within a few minutes (~5 min).…”

Section: Chairside Biomarker Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chairside Periodontal Diagnostic Toolkit: Past, Present, and Future

Byrd

Kim

2021

Diagnostics

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Periodontal diseases comprise a group of globally prevalent, chronic oral inflammatory conditions caused by microbial dysbiosis and the host immune response. These diseases specifically affect the tooth-supporting tissues (i.e., the periodontium) but are also known to contribute to systemic inflammation. If left untreated, periodontal diseases can ultimately progress to tooth loss, lead to compromised oral function, and negatively impact the overall quality of life. Therefore, it is important for the clinician to accurately diagnose these diseases both early and accurately chairside. Currently, the staging and grading of periodontal diseases are based on recording medical and dental histories, thorough oral examination, and multiple clinical and radiographic analyses of the periodontium. There have been numerous attempts to improve, automate, and digitize the collection of this information with varied success. Recent studies focused on the subgingival microbiome and the host immune response suggest there is an untapped potential for non-invasive oral sampling to assist clinicians in the chairside diagnosis and, potentially, prognosis. Here, we review the available toolkit available for diagnosing periodontal diseases, discuss commercially available options, and highlight the need for collaborative research initiatives and state-of-the-art technology development across disciplines to overcome the challenges of rapid periodontal disease diagnosis.

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Section: Chairside Biomarker Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chairside Periodontal Diagnostic Toolkit: Past, Present, and Future

Byrd

Kim

2021

Diagnostics

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“…First, we included a sufficient number of participants for the evaluation of validity of the self-reported measures to predict periodontitis. The sample size was estimated based on the prevalence of severe periodontitis observed in a previous study conducted at a workplace in Japan 27 . To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest study conducted to assess the validity of the CDC/AAP questionnaire in a non-American population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sample size calculation was performed using R version 4.0.2 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, https://www.r-project.org ). Considering the prevalence of severe periodontitis of 5% observed in a previous study conducted at another workplace in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan 27 , the sample size was estimated at 747, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.70, corresponding to a one-sided alpha of 0.01 and a power of 95%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a self-report questionnaire for periodontitis in a Japanese population

Iwasaki

Usui

Ariyoshi

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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We aimed to assess the validity of the self-report questionnaire for periodontitis in a Japanese population. A Japanese 9-item self-report questionnaire, developed by translating English-version questions that were used to detect periodontitis, was validated against full-mouth clinically-assessed periodontitis in 949 Japanese adults (average age = 43.2 years). Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to calculate the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), wherein the periodontitis case definition of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology was considered the gold standard. Severe, moderate, and mild periodontitis were identified in 6.2%, 30.0%, and 6.7% of the study population, respectively. Self-reported oral health questions combined with socio-demographic and health-related variables had an AUC > 0.70 (range, 0.71–0.87) for any periodontitis category. Four oral health questions (“have gum disease,” “loose tooth,” “lost bone,” and “bleeding gums”) were selected in the parsimonious model for severe periodontitis. The periodontitis screening score generated by the responses to these four questions had an AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.82, 73.1%, and 74.3%, respectively, where the cut-off was set at 2 points. In conclusion, a locally adapted version of the self-report questionnaire had an acceptable diagnostic capacity for the detection of periodontitis in this study population.

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“…The trypsin-like activity in the oral cavity was assessed using a trypsin-activity assessment kit (ADCHECK ® , ADTECH Co., Ltd. Oita, Japan) by inspecting the color-developing reaction [ 15 ]. ADCHECK ® is composed of the following three parts: a plastic board with a reaction area in a circled pit, Liquid A, and Liquid B. Red-complex periodontal pathogens ( Porphyromonas gingivalis , Tannerella forsythia , and Treponema denticola ) produce a protease, N -benzoyl- dl -arginine peptidase, which is responsible for the trypsin-like activity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, risk factors of fever are the key to providing optimum health to geriatric individuals requiring care. Given the high prevalence of periodontitis in older adults, we hypothesized that a factor associated with trypsin-like activity in the oral cavity, putatively driven by periodontal pathogens, would be associated with the risk of fever in older residents of nursing homes, and aimed to examine trypsin-like protease activity in the oral cavity, which is considered to be associated with red-complex periodontal pathogens [ 15 , 16 ]. This study thus aimed to evaluate the association between trypsin-like activity in the oral cavity and the onset of fever in independent older residents of nursing homes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trypsin-Like Activity in Oral Cavity Is Associated with Risk of Fever Onset in Older Residents of Nursing Homes: An 8-Month Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Pilot Study

Izumi

Isobe

Akifusa

2021

IJERPH

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This study aimed to evaluate the association between trypsin-like activity in the oral cavity and the onset of fever in independent older residents of nursing homes. Independent older residents aged ≥ 65 years in 10 nursing homes were included in this study, which was conducted in Kitakyushu, Japan. For 8 months, follow-up dates on which the body temperatures of participants were more than 37.2 °C were noted. Trypsin-like activity in the oral cavity was detected by ADCHECK® with five-grade evaluation at baseline. Data from 53 independent participants with median age 89.0 (67–102) years were available for analysis. ADCHECK® scores were associated with fever days (r = 0.312, p = 0.029). The average periods until the onset of fever in participants with ADCHECK® Scores 1 and 2, Score 3, and Scores 4 and 5 were 6.6 ± 0.5, 5.0 ± 0.7, and 4.1 ± 1.0 months, respectively. ADCHECK® Scores 4 and 5 signified a higher risk of fever compared to ADCHECK® Scores 1 and 2 (hazards ratio 9.8, 95% confidence interval 1.5–65.7, p = 0.034), adjusted for possible confounders. We concluded that trypsin-like activity in the oral cavity was associated with the risk of fever in independent older residents of nursing homes.

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A Preliminary Study on the Ability of the Trypsin-Like Peptidase Activity Assay Kit to Detect Periodontitis

Cited by 10 publications

References 45 publications

The Chairside Periodontal Diagnostic Toolkit: Past, Present, and Future

The Chairside Periodontal Diagnostic Toolkit: Past, Present, and Future

Validation of a self-report questionnaire for periodontitis in a Japanese population

Trypsin-Like Activity in Oral Cavity Is Associated with Risk of Fever Onset in Older Residents of Nursing Homes: An 8-Month Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Pilot Study

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