A Preliminary Study on Gamma Radiosensitivity of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

., F. Norfadzrin; Ahmed, Osumanu Haruna; Shaharudin, Shazlyn Milleana; Rahman, Durdana

doi:10.3923/ijar.2007.620.625

Cited by 32 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The observed plant height at six weeks across radiation treatments and cowpea genotypes shows that the vigor of M 1 cowpea plants reduces with in-creasing radiation dosage. These results are consistent with earlier research reports in cowpea [9] [10], in soybeans [19], in rice [21], in long beans [22] and in tomato and okra [23]. However, radiation treatments did not appear to affect terminal leaflet area of cowpea plants at M 1 generation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Mutagenic Effects of Gamma Radiation on Eight Accessions of Cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> [L.] Walp.)

Olasupo¹,

Ilori²,

Forster³

et al. 2016

AJPS

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Mutagenesis is used for creating new genetic variability in cultivar improvement. Optimal mutagenic treatment is required for effective mutation induction in crop species. Therefore, radiosensitivity of cowpea accessions to gamma irradiation was investigated. Seeds of eight cowpea accessions were irradiated with 60 Co gamma radiation doses of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 Gy. The seeds were sown in pots to evaluate the treatment effects on seed germination (SG), seedling survival (SS) and growth habits of M1 generation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Low rates of SG (10%-45%) were recorded at higher doses (500-400 Gy) in Ife Brown (IB) and its derivatives, whereas high SG rates (74%-94%) were observed in IT90K-284-2 across all treatments. Percentage SS was inversely related to gamma dosage. A wide range of LD50 for SG (329-1054 Gy) and SS (149-620 Gy) were observed across the cowpea accessions. Low LD50 scores for SG (329-516 Gy) and SS (149-357 Gy) were observed among cowpea with rough seed coat, whereas cowpea with smooth seed coat recorded higher LD50 for SG (521 and 1054 Gy) and SS (449 and 620 Gy). Seed germination LD50 and SS LD50 were highly correlated with mean coat thickness (0.899 and 0.937) than mean seed weight (0.621 and 0.678). Gamma irradiation of cowpea seed at low dosage (100 Gy) increased the vigor of M1 seedlings with respect to primary leaf area, terminal leaflet area, seedling height and plant height at six weeks. Doses of 200 Gy and above resulted in a progressive reduction in vigor of plant and seed setting of cowpea. Radio-sensitivity varied with cowpea genotype and was associated with seed testa texture, thickness and seed weight. Low gamma * Corresponding author. F. O. Olasupo et al. 340 irradiation treatment (100 Gy) may be used to enhance seedling vigor, vegetative growth and yield of cowpea at M1 generation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Mutagenic Effects of Gamma Radiation on Eight Accessions of Cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> [L.] Walp.)

Olasupo¹,

Ilori²,

Forster³

et al. 2016

AJPS

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“…Shielding reduces this to 250-300 µGy/day inside the ISS, which is much higher than the Earth surface (ground control) at 1-3 µGy/day. Precise simulation of the complex space non-UV radiation is not possible, but dose-response experiments with low linear energy transfer ionizing radiation (e.g., X-and γ-rays) demonstrated for the irradiation of dry tomato seeds that absorbed doses of up to~300 Gy did not appreciably affect the maximal germination percentage [81,82]. However, the height of tomato plants grown from irradiated seeds was reduced for absorbed doses above~50 Gy, while low absorbed doses of~10 Gy increased plant growth.…”

Section: Effects Of Spaceflight Environmental Factors On Dry Stored Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge no other dry seed storage work has been published presenting the effects of spaceflight on the dry seed transcriptomes. Although the physiological and mutation effects of dry seed irradiation (X-and γ-ray simulation experiments) were studied in a considerable number of publications [60,[81][82][83], none of them provides a global analysis of the effects on the seed transcriptomes.…”

Section: Effects Of Spaceflight Associated Ageing On the Seed Transcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rocket Science: The Effect of Spaceflight on Germination Physiology, Ageing, and Transcriptome of Eruca sativa Seeds

Chandler

Haas

Khan

et al. 2020

Life

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In the ‘Rocket Science’ project, storage of Eruca sativa (salad rocket) seeds for six months on board the International Space Station resulted in delayed seedling establishment. Here we investigated the physiological and molecular mechanisms underpinning the spaceflight effects on dry seeds. We found that ‘Space’ seed germination vigor was reduced, and ageing sensitivity increased, but the spaceflight did not compromise seed viability and the development of normal seedlings. Comparative analysis of the transcriptomes (using RNAseq) in dry seeds and upon controlled artificial ageing treatment (CAAT) revealed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with spaceflight and ageing. DEG categories enriched by spaceflight and CAAT included transcription and translation with reduced transcript abundances for 40S and 60S ribosomal subunit genes. Among the ‘spaceflight-up’ DEGs were heat shock proteins (HSPs), DNAJ-related chaperones, a heat shock factor (HSFA7a-like), and components of several DNA repair pathways (e.g., ATM, DNA ligase 1). The ‘response to radiation’ category was especially enriched in ‘spaceflight-up’ DEGs including HSPs, catalases, and the transcription factor HY5. The major finding from the physiological and transcriptome analysis is that spaceflight causes vigor loss and partial ageing during air-dry seed storage, for which space environmental factors and consequences for seed storage during spaceflights are discussed.

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“…The rates for seeds are often higher, up to 500 Gy, for fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) (Zeid et al, 2001), 300 to 600 Gy for long bean (Vigna sesquipedalis) (Kon et al, 2007), 300 to 800 Gy for tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv) (Norfadzrin et al, 2007), and 300 to 600 Gy for chili (Capsicum annuum) (Omar et al,2008). However, all three species of Pavonia can survive higher doses of irradiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanical scarification via sandpaper was not enough to induce germination. Nokes (2001) mentioned that the germination of P. lasiopetala seeds is delayed or staggered for several months. More uniform germination may be achieved by an overnight hot water soak or acid scarification.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

60Co Irradiation Influences Germination and Phenotype of Three Pavonia Species

Yue¹,

Ruter²

2020

horts

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The genus Pavonia is one of the largest genera in the Malvaceae species; it is mainly distributed in South America. Three species of Pavonia were identified based on different flower colors and potential for landscape use in the southeastern United States. These species produce a large amount of seed at the end of the blooming season, which is not ideal for ornamental use. To reduce the seed set, gamma irradiation was used for mutation induction and propensity to induce compactness and sterility. A preliminary study indicated that the seed of Pavonia hastata would germinate at irradiation rates up to 2000 Gy. Seeds of three species were treated with six different dose rates ranging from 0 Gy to 1000 Gy to determine the ideal rate for Pavonia breeding and how gamma irradiation affected seed germination. M1 (the first mutant generation) P. lasiopetala and P. missionum were sown in 2018 and planted in the field at the University of Georgia Durham Horticulture Farm on 1 May 2019, as were M2 (the second mutant generation) seeds of P. hastata. Seed germination in 2019 showed no significance due to treatment but significance due to species and species by treatment interaction. Field evaluation performed in 2019 indicated that height was not influenced by irradiation for any of the three species but that the width index was. Flower diameter and leaf area of P. missionum became smaller as the irradiation rate increased, but the other two species showed no trends. Chlorophyll mutations were observed on P. hastata at the 1500 Gy level, which has attractive traits for ornamental use.

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A Preliminary Study on Gamma Radiosensitivity of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

Cited by 32 publications

References 2 publications

Mutagenic Effects of Gamma Radiation on Eight Accessions of Cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> [L.] Walp.)

Mutagenic Effects of Gamma Radiation on Eight Accessions of Cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> [L.] Walp.)

Rocket Science: The Effect of Spaceflight on Germination Physiology, Ageing, and Transcriptome of Eruca sativa Seeds

60Co Irradiation Influences Germination and Phenotype of Three Pavonia Species

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A Preliminary Study on Gamma Radiosensitivity of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

Cited by 32 publications

References 2 publications

Mutagenic Effects of Gamma Radiation on Eight Accessions of Cowpea (&lt;i&gt;Vigna unguiculata&lt;/i&gt; [L.] Walp.)

Mutagenic Effects of Gamma Radiation on Eight Accessions of Cowpea (&lt;i&gt;Vigna unguiculata&lt;/i&gt; [L.] Walp.)

Rocket Science: The Effect of Spaceflight on Germination Physiology, Ageing, and Transcriptome of Eruca sativa Seeds

60Co Irradiation Influences Germination and Phenotype of Three Pavonia Species

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Mutagenic Effects of Gamma Radiation on Eight Accessions of Cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> [L.] Walp.)

Mutagenic Effects of Gamma Radiation on Eight Accessions of Cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> [L.] Walp.)