A Preliminary Report on the Biology of Toxocara Canis (Werner, 1782)

Webster, G. A.

doi:10.1139/z56-067

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Greve (1971) and Noda (1957) also suggested a hindrance of larval migration in older dogs. However, Webster (1956) was able to establish patent infections in 6-month-old dogs after large doses of infective eggs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Toxocara canis in experimentally infected silver and arctic foxes

2005

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In two experiments, thirty-six farm foxes of two species were inoculated with various doses of infective Toxocara canis eggs or tissue larvae isolated from mice. In experiment I, six adult arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus; 11-month old) were each inoculated with 20,000 eggs and sacrificed 100, 220, or 300 days post infection (dpi), while ten silver fox cubs (Vulpes vulpes; 6-9-week old) were infected with varying doses of eggs (30-3000) and necropsied 120 dpi. In experiment II, two groups of five cubs and two groups of five adult silver foxes received both a primary inoculation and either one or two challenge inoculations: primary inoculation (day 0) with 400 embryonated eggs were administered to five cubs and five adults and another five cubs and five adults received 400 larvae. At 50 dpi, the first challenge inoculation (400 eggs) was inoculated in all animals. At 100 dpi, three animals from each group were necropsied. The remaining two animals in each group were received a second challenge inoculation of 400 tissue larvae on 100 dpi and were subsequently necropsied at 150 dpi. In both experiments, the highest numbers of larvae per gram (lpg) of tissue was found in the kidneys (100-300 dpi). In adult foxes receiving a high dose (20,000 eggs), increasing larval burdens were found in the kidneys over the course of the experiment (up to 300 dpi). The larval migration from the lungs to other tissues appeared to be dose-dependent with the highest larval burdens found in adult foxes. The faecal egg excretion, larval burden and intestinal worm burdens decreased from the first to the second challenge infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Toxocara canis in experimentally infected silver and arctic foxes

2005

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“…Subsequent studies (4,5,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) have further detailed adaptations of this parasite that ensure survival and transmission to successive generations of hosts. Dogs and other canids can be infected by 1) ingestion of infective eggs, 2) ingestion of larvae in tissues of paratenic hosts, 3) transplacental migration, 4) transmammary passage of larvae in milk from a lactating bitch to nursing pups, and 5) ingestion of late stage larvae or immature adults in the vomitus or feces of infected pups.…”

Section: Life Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Zoonotic Toxocariasis

Glickman

Schantz²

1981

Epidemiologic Reviews

483

310

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“…For infections with T. canis, an age resistance limit of 6 months has been indicated (Webster, 1956) and therefore, prevalences for this parasite of age groups younger and older than 6 months were compared. However, no significant difference was observed in this study which is in agreement with recent findings (Fahrion et al, 2008) demonstrating that a low infective dose of 100 embryonated eggs consistently induced patency in adult dogs with and without previous exposure to the parasite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%