A preliminary evaluation of a novel method to monitor a triple antioxidant combination (vitamins E, C and α-lipoic acid) in diabetic volunteers using in vitro methaemoglobin formation

Coleman, Michael D.; Fernandes, Sandra; Khanderia, Leena

doi:10.1016/s1382-6689(03)00027-9

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…26,27 In a clinical trial of a combination of antioxidant compounds that included LA, the thiol content of erythrocytes in patients with diabetes mellitus significantly increased after 6 weeks. 28 We observed a dose-related improvement in the cytosolic GSH content and a simultaneous increase in GSH:GSSG ratio. The mechanism by which LA increases the synthesis of GSH has been described, 26 and is attributed to the potent ability of LA to induce Nrf2dependent transcription of γ-glutamyl cysteine ligase (GCL), the rate-controlling enzyme in the synthesis of GSH.…”

Section: Effect Of Combination Of Rs-la With Alcarmentioning

confidence: 58%

Lipoic acid and acetyl-carnitine reverse iron-induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts

Lal¹,

Atamna²,

Killilea³

et al. 2008

Redox Report

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Iron overload occurs frequently in thalassemia and other disorders that require regular blood transfusions. Excess iron is toxic owing to the generation of free radicals that lead to oxidation of biomolecules and tissue damage. In order to identify compounds that reduce oxidative injury from iron, we evaluated alpha-lipoic acid (LA), a multifunctional antioxidant, in iron-overloaded primary human fibroblasts (IMR-90). Oxidant stress was measured using dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate that is converted to the fluorescent dichlorofluorescein (DCF) upon oxidation. Exposure to ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) increased the iron-content of IMR-90 cells and caused a rise in oxidant appearance. The addition of LA improved the cellular redox status and attenuated the iron-mediated rise in oxidants in a dose-dependent manner. The R- and RS-enantiomers of LA demonstrated similar antioxidant activity. N-tert-butyl hydroxylamine (NtBHA) treated cells also exhibited a decrease in DCF fluorescence, but at a much higher concentration compared with LA. The combination acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) and LA exhibited superior antioxidant effect at all dose levels. We conclude that LA is highly effective in reversing oxidative stress arising from iron overload and that its antioxidant efficacy is further enhanced in combination with ALCAR.

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Section: Effect Of Combination Of Rs-la With Alcarmentioning

confidence: 58%

Lipoic acid and acetyl-carnitine reverse iron-induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts

Lal¹,

Atamna²,

Killilea³

et al. 2008

Redox Report

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“…The slowing of the development of the disease was due to a reduction in oxidative stress, and not secondary to a decrease in the glucose or cholesterol in plasma, for the fact that the respective plasma concentrations remained unchanged in the diabetic mice supplemented with vitamin E [42] . Other studies have supported these results, in fact, it was observed that a triple antioxidant therapy (Vitamin E, lipoic acid, and vitamin C) in diabetic volunteers attenuated oxidative stress reducing the formation of methemoglobin in vitro and in glycated hemoglobin in vivo [43] . Numerous clinical studies have shown a decrease in EC-SOD in African Americans with hypertension, in patients with vasospastic angina, calcific aortic stenosis and in patients with DM2, compared with control subjects [44,45] .…”

Section: Association Between Antioxidant Enzyme and Vascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 65%

Enzymatic antioxidant system in vascular inflammation and coronary artery disease

Lubrano

Balzan

2015

WJEM

118

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In biological systems there is a balance between the production and neutralization of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This balance is maintained by the presence of natural antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase. The enhancement of lipid peroxidation or the decrease of antioxidant protection present in metabolic diseases or bad lifestyle can induce endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Clinical studies have shown that oxidative stress can increase ROS reducing the formation of antioxidant defences, especially in subjects with coronary artery disease (CAD). Some observation indicated that in the early stages of the disease there is a homeostatic upregulation of the antioxidant enzyme system in response to increased free radicals to prevent vascular damage. As soon as free radicals get to chronically elevated levels, this compensation ceases. Therefore, SOD and the other enzymes may represent a good therapeutic target against ROS, but they are not useful markers for the diagnosis of CAD. In conclusion antioxidant enzymes are reduced in presence of metabolic disease and CAD. However the existence of genes that promote their enzymatic activity could contribute to create new drugs for the treatment of damage caused by metabolic diseases or lifestyle that increases the plasma ROS levels. Core tip: This review shows that antioxidant enzymes are very important factors for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic disease, but more studies are required to understand whether they can be used as markers for diagnosis of coronary artery disease. The presence of polymorphic genes that increases the activity and expression of these enzymes can be considered important for the development of new therapeutic strategies. In our opinion further efforts should be directed especially on this last point, in MINIREVIEWS

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“…It was found that triple antioxidant therapy (vitamins E and C and alpha lipoic acid) for a period of 6 weeks significantly reduced HbA1c in the diabetic volunteers, which returned back to its initial values 4 weeks after the end of supplementation. In addition, total antioxidant status measurement indicated that diabetic plasma antioxidant capacity was significantly improved during antioxidant supplementation [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular oxidative damage and role of combined antioxidant supplementation in experimental diabetic rats

et al. 2010

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The present study was designated to assess oxidative damage and its effect on germ cell apoptosis in testes of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The role of antioxidant supplementation with a mixture of vitamins E and C and alpha lipoic acid for protection against such damage was also evaluated. Forty-five adult male rats were randomly divided into three groups: group I, control, non-diabetic rats; group II, STZ-induced, untreated diabetic rats; group III, STZ-induced diabetic rats supplemented with a mixture of vitamins E and C and alpha lipoic acid. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1C)), glucose, and insulin levels were estimated in blood samples. Malondialdehyde (MDA), the activities of the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and caspase-3 in addition to testosterone (T) level were all determined in testicular tissues. Histopathological studies using H&E stain, as well as, immunohistochemical detection of apoptosis using (TUNEL) method were also performed. Blood glucose and HbA(1c) were significantly increased while insulin was significantly decreased in STZ-induced diabetic rats as compared with controls. In rat testicular tissues, MDA, and caspase-3 activity were significantly elevated while SOD and GPx enzymatic activities as well as T level were significantly decreased in diabetic rats as compared with control group. Antioxidant supplementation to diabetic rats restored the testicular enzymatic activities of SOD and GPx to almost control levels, in addition, MDA and caspase-3 activity decrease while T increase significantly as compared with untreated diabetic group. Prominent reduction of germ cell apoptosis was found in diabetic rats supplemented with antioxidants. An important role of testicular oxidative damage and germ cell apoptosis in diabetes-induced infertility could be suggested, treatment with antioxidants has a protective effect by restoring SOD and GPx antioxidant enzymatic activity.

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A preliminary evaluation of a novel method to monitor a triple antioxidant combination (vitamins E, C and α-lipoic acid) in diabetic volunteers using in vitro methaemoglobin formation

Cited by 21 publications

References 33 publications

Lipoic acid and acetyl-carnitine reverse iron-induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts

Lipoic acid and acetyl-carnitine reverse iron-induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts

Enzymatic antioxidant system in vascular inflammation and coronary artery disease

Testicular oxidative damage and role of combined antioxidant supplementation in experimental diabetic rats

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