A Preliminary Communication on the Pressure of Heat and Light Radiation

Nichols, E. F.; Hull, G. F.

doi:10.1103/physrevseriesi.13.307

Cited by 142 publications

(116 citation statements)

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“…2(b) and was thus compared to the black body spectrum of known emissivity, ε (assumed to be unity) and known temperature 900 K. In order to calculate "equilibrium temperature" at a particular point in the flame, either spectral emissivity of the flame is determined online using a pump probe setup in Fig. 2(a) and employing the standard Kirchoff's law of absorptivity or the effective emissivity is determined from IR spectra over a range of wavelengths of the precursor solution using a standard expression given in (2).…”

Section: Thermal Equilibrium In the Flamementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a typical experiment, the equilibrium is reached in a fraction of a second after the laser beam is switched-on as will be shown in the experimental sections that follow. During the cooling cycle, temperature goes to surrounding temperature if one sets P laser = 0 in (2). For the known values of the Stefan-Boltzmann's constant, σ , volume of the interaction zone, V = A. V , precursor flow rate, ℵ τ , surrounding temperature, T s , and from the fittings of heating and cooling equations above to the experimental data, the following parameters are determined: specific heat capacity C p of the starting material, the enthalpy of the reaction, H , the convection co-efficient, κ conv , of the surrounding, and the fraction of the laser beam absorbed by the precursor liquid, μ.…”

Section: Transient Temperature As a Function Of Laser Intensitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As early as 1873, Maxwell used the electromagnetic theory to calculate force on solid bodies due to absorption or reflection of light [2] and in the early 1900s quantitative measurement of the force on bodies and gases were done especially as well demonstrated by the Crooke's radiometer [3]. In 1917, Einstein [4], using the quantum theory to calculate the influence of the electromagnetic radiation on the motion of molecules, showed the importance of the Planck's blackbody spectrum in his calculation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flame temperature trends in reacting vanadium and tungsten ethoxide fluid sprays during CO2-laser pyrolysis

Mwakikunga

Mudau²,

Brink

et al. 2011

Appl. Phys. B

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We observe the "invisible-to-the-naked-eye" flames of tungsten and vanadium ethoxide aerosols when ignited at moderate laser excitation (0 < P laser < 70 W) by employing an IR thermo-graphic camera. No emission is seen in the visible range whether by the visible region cameras or by spectroscopy. The emissivity of the precursor solution measured was 0.80 and 0.75 for tungsten and vanadium ethoxide, respectively. The spectral emissivities of the tungsten and vanadium ethoxide flames measured using FTIR-spectrometer were used to calculate the pyrolysis flame temperature at various laser intensities and wavelengths. New energy balance equations have been derivedthe transient temperature one extended from HaggertyCannon equation and the other based on standard resonance analysis. Fitting these models to experimental data reveals that only small amounts (1.33% and 4.32%, respectively) of the laser power are used in the pyrolysis of the precursor ethoxide aerosols into the desired oxide nanostructures. The low levels of specific heat capacity values obtained in these sprays suggest that these are electronic heat capacities rather than lattice heat capacities; enthalpies are also obtained. The experimental temperature-laser power trends observed were in agreement with previous findings from Tenegal et al. (Chem. Phys. Lett. 335:155, 2001). The damping coefficients, and hence the saturation intensities confirm that the vanadium containing precursor liquid is harder to dissociate into final products than the tungsten precursor as observed experimentally.

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Section: Thermal Equilibrium In the Flamementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transient Temperature As a Function Of Laser Intensitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flame temperature trends in reacting vanadium and tungsten ethoxide fluid sprays during CO2-laser pyrolysis

Mwakikunga

Mudau²,

Brink

et al. 2011

Appl. Phys. B

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“…In particular, the discontinuity of the dielectric permittivity at the interface between two transparent, homogeneous, and dielectric media leads to optical radiation pressure that enables the displacement of solids [2,3] or the deformation of fluid interfaces [4]. Here we report on the full control of the optical radiation pressure at fixed photon flux and incident angle by the photon spin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin Controlled Optical Radiation Pressure

Tkachenko

Brasselet

2013

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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International audienceWe report on the full control of the optical radiation pressure at fixed photon flux and incident angle by the photon spin. This is done by using transparent chiral liquid crystal droplets that enable a strong coupling between the linear and angular degrees of freedom of a light field. From these results, we anticipate optical sorting of particles with different chirality as well as novel optical trapping and micromanipulation strategies

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“…However, this assertion is not rigorous because the negative optical force can be achieved by a single nonparaxial Bessel beam, due to the interference of electric and magnetic dipoles or higher-order multipoles or by a single static solenoid beam [5]. There are some ubiquitous proofs of pulling forces found in thermodynamics [6], optics [7], and acoustics [8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%