A potential CO2 reduction of vehicle to home system from life cycle perspective

Abstract

A life cycle inventory analysis is conducted in this study to evaluate the environmental merit of a vehicle to home (V2H) system towards the conventional counterpart equivalent in terms of environmental impact category global warming expressed as CO2 emissions. The V2H system comprises a residential house, a photovoltaic solar system, a battery electric vehicle and a charging system, whereas the conventional system includes a residential house, a gasoline vehicle and a petrol station. The system boundary of each components consists of its production, use and end-of-life stages, where data available. CO2 emissions are calculated by applying the data of each components and life cycle stages collected from statistics and literature surveys to the Japanese life cycle inventory database. The emissions differ by the assumptions made; therefore a sensitivity analysis is also carried out to understand the potential variation of the CO2 emissions. The result indicates that about 35-42% CO2 reduction can be expected for a V2H system in comparison with the conventional system. Since the main contributors to CO2 emissions of both systems are dwelling, residential house construction, vehicle cycle and fuel cycle stages, these stages should be included in the system boundary of V2H system and it is important to select and design the appropriate components of these stages to assure the environmental merits of V2H system in terms of life cycle CO2 reduction.

Technical and environmental impacts of electric vehicles and renewable energy integration in a distribution grid

“…Some publications are assessing the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) of EV and ICEV, focusing on the environmental impact of EVs' integration [3], [4], while other studies present the technical impacts and Energy Management Strategies (EMS) for accommodating a large number of EVs in the electrical grids [5]- [8]. As the results of these two different approaches may be contradictory, the aim of the present paper is to assess the technical and environmental impact of the EVs integration in a distribution grid, in parallel with increasing the renewable energy percentage, and to search an optimal solution of compromise between these contradictory objectives by conducting a multiobjective optimization.…”

Energy management of micro renewable energy source and electric vehicles at home level

“…Electric vehicles (EVs), either battery or hydrogen, do not emit greenhouse gases (GHGs) and reduce oil dependence [1]. Their efficiency is two to three times higher than internal combustion vehicles (ICVs).…”

Advances and critical aspects in the life-cycle assessment of battery electric cars

“…V2H systems can achieve this way high CO 2 savings. 100 Households and vehicles will have to be modeled together for their life-cycle impacts, ie, through expansion of the product system considered in the LCA. Twenty of the 27 EU member states use feed-in tariffs to support the adoption of household PV installations.…”