A post-mortem study of gastric and duodenal peptic lesions: Part II Correlations with other pathological conditions

doi:10.1136/gut.4.4.354

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Third, ~20% of peptic ulcers in the Polish population were not associated with H. pylori infection [18], and in the US, only 27% of symptomatic children with peptic ulcers were H. pylori-positive [63]. Fourth, autopsy reports from three European countries suggested that 20-29% of males and 11%-18% of females had unknowingly suffered from ulcers [80][81][82]. Finally, duodenal ulcers had higher incidence rates in large cities than in rural areas [83,84].…”

Section: Epidemiological Studies Dispute the Causal Role Of H Pylori ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Data Analyses Address the African Enigma and Controversies Surrounding the Roles of Helicobacter pylori in Peptic Ulcers

Dong¹

2023

Preprint

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Currently, peptic ulcers are widely considered an infectious disease caused by Helicobacter pylori due to 3 supporting evidences, and this etiology may explain 3 other observations. However, it cannot withstand the challenges of all the 15 major characteristics and the other 75 observations/phenomena of peptic ulcers. To address these challenges, a recently published Complex Causal Relationship with its accompanying methodologies was applied to analyze the existing data. Peptic ulcers are identified as a psychosomatic disease triggered by psychological stress, where Helicobacter pylori plays a secondary role in the late phase of ulceration. This new etiology addresses all the characteristics, observations/phenomena, controversies, and mysteries of peptic ulcers in a series of 6 articles. This sixth article focuses on the controversies associated with Helicobacter pylori. In-depth analyses find that all the 3 supporting evidences are illusions, and all the 3 explainable observations are misinterpreted, indicating that none of the 15 characteristics and 81 observations/phenomena of peptic ulcers can be elucidated by the etiology based on Helicobacter pylori. Moreover, the definitions of ‘etiological factor’, controversies on H. pylori, epidemiological studies, characteristics of the disease, and historical observations suggest ‘peptic ulcers are an infectious disease caused by Helicobacter pylori’ is an illusion and thus, the African enigma, a mystery derived from the illusion, does not exist. Similar illusions widely exist in medical research, resulting in direct interference with the true understanding of diseases. A full understanding of the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers highlights the guiding role of philosophy in life science and medical research.

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Section: Epidemiological Studies Dispute the Causal Role Of H Pylori ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Data Analyses Address the African Enigma and Controversies Surrounding the Roles of Helicobacter pylori in Peptic Ulcers

Dong¹

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Third, ~20% of peptic ulcers in the Polish population were not associated with H. pylori infection [20], and in the US, only 27% of symptomatic children with peptic ulcers were H. pylori-positive [62]. Fourth, autopsy reports from three European countries suggested that 20-29% of males and 11%-18% of females had unknowingly suffered from ulcers [80][81][82]. Finally, duodenal ulcers had higher incidence rates in large cities than in rural areas [83,84].…”

Section: Epidemiological Studies Dispute the Causal Role Of H Pylori ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Peptic Ulcers Are an Infectious Disease Caused by Helicobacter pylori’ Is an Illusion in Medical Research

Dong

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Currently, peptic ulcers are widely studied as an infectious disease caused by Helicobacter pylori primarily due to 3 supporting evidences, and this etiology may explain the other 3 observations, but cannot confront the challenges of the 15 major characteristics and the other 75 observations/phenomena of peptic ulcers. To address the challenges, a recently published Complex Causal Relationship with its accompanying methodologies was applied to analyze existing data. Peptic ulcers are identified as a psychosomatic disease triggered by psychological stress, where Helicobacter pylori plays a secondary role in only the late phase of ulceration. This new etiology elucidated all the 15 major characteristics and 81 observations/phenomena of peptic ulcers in a series of 6 articles. This sixth article focuses exclusively on the controversies surrounding the role of Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcers. In-depth analyses find that all the 3 evidences supporting ‘peptic ulcers are an infectious disease caused by Helicobacter pylori’ are deceiving, and 2 of the 3 explainable observations may have been misinterpreted. Meanwhile, the definitions of ‘etiological factor’ and ‘causality’ do not support ‘H. pylori infection is an etiological factor of peptic ulcers’, and existing literatures have presented a controversial view on the role of H. pylori in peptic ulcers. Interestingly, if ‘peptic ulcers are an infectious disease caused by Helicobacter pylori’ is considered an illusion, all the characteristics of the disease, along with all the clinical, epidemiological and laboratory observations/phenomena, can be fully elucidated. Similar illusions may widely exist in modern medical research, resulting in a direct interference with the true understanding of diseases. The overstated role of Helicobacter pylori has misguided peptic ulcer research over the past 36 years, suggesting that keeping the concept of illusion in mind may help remove one of the biggest barriers to medical advances and facilitates the in-depth study of all diseases.

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A post-mortem study of gastric and duodenal peptic lesions: Part II Correlations with other pathological conditions

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Novel Data Analyses Address the African Enigma and Controversies Surrounding the Roles of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> in Peptic Ulcers <strong> </strong>

Novel Data Analyses Address the African Enigma and Controversies Surrounding the Roles of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> in Peptic Ulcers <strong> </strong>

‘Peptic Ulcers Are an Infectious Disease Caused by Helicobacter pylori’ Is an Illusion in Medical Research

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