A Possible Pathogenic Linkage Among Headache, Migraine, and Nocturnal Enuresis in Children

Ferrara, Pietro; Dell’Aquila, Livia; Perrone, G; Spina, Giulia; Miconi, Francesco; Rapaccini, Valentina; Vescovo, Ester Del; Lazzaro, Vincenzo Di; Verrotti, Alberto

doi:10.5213/inj.1632566.283

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The International Headache Society classification system is distinguished into primary and secondary headache disorders. [14] Migraine without aura and TTH, both primary disorders, are the two most common types of headaches in children and adolescents. Children suffered from headaches were 21/401 (5.2%): 4 suffered from TTH and 17 had benign migraine associated with familiarity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical comorbidity of nocturnal enuresis in children

et al. 2019

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Introduction:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of patients with nocturnal enuresis (NE).Methods:We enrolled 403 children with NE referred to the Services of Pediatrics, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital of Rome between June 2013 and July 2018. We excluded 2 children, respectively, with renal agenesis and chromosomopathy.Results:Of the 401 patients, 101 girls (25.2%) and 300 boys (74.8%), aged 5–16 years; mean age at first visit 8.8 ± 2.44 years. During the physical examination, we asked the patients and their parents specific questions to identify signs and symptoms of voiding disorders and comorbid conditions. In addition, we evaluated family history and behavioral characteristics of patients. In this study, NE was heredity in the 31.2% of cases. We found urogenital abnormalities in 15.7% of cases, constipation in 14.5% of cases, innocence heart murmur in 21.4% of cases and parasomnias in a good percentage of cases, especially snoring (13.7%), restless sleep (5.7%), somniloquy (23.7%) and bruxism (14.7%).Conclusions:Our experience demonstrates that there are a lot of comorbidities that are associated with NE and can influence the prognosis and the response to the therapy in these children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical comorbidity of nocturnal enuresis in children

et al. 2019

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“…[9] Some studies investigated a possible pathogenic link between headache, migraine, and nocturnal enuresis in children. [10] In addition, the prevalence of left-handedness was significantly higher in children with NE than in healthy children. [11] To the best of our knowledge, there have been no studies investigating the association of NE with innocent heart murmurs in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Innocent heart murmurs and enuresis: Examining a possible link

Ferrara¹,

Ruscio

Zona

et al. 2019

Turkish Journal of Urology

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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of innocent heart murmurs in children affected by nocturnal enuresis (NE). Material and methods: We enrolled a total of 401 children (G1), 300 males and 101 females, aged 5-15 years, affected by NE and referred to the Service of Pediatrics, "Campus Bio-Medico" University Hospital of Rome, from September 2013 to September 2018, into the study. The control group was composed of 394 children without NE (G2). The study was carried out in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration. Results: The prevalence of innocent heart murmurs in G2 was 6.34%. This condition was significantly more frequent in children who suffered from NE. Indeed, in G1, the prevalence of innocent heart murmurs was 21.45%, although there were few differences between the children with monosymptomatic NE and nonmonosymptomatic NE; moreover, this prevalence was higher in males. Conclusion: These findings made us aware of the presence of possible underlying mechanisms, which explain the association between a higher prevalence of innocent heart murmurs and enuresis, and further studies are required to explore this issue.

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“…In another study, 7.8% of referred, school‐aged children (mean age of 9.6 years) with NE had headaches/migraine . Of the affected children, three had tension‐type headaches and five migraine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…14 In another study, 7.8% of referred, school-aged children (mean age of 9.6 years) with NE had headaches/migraine. 15 Of the affected children, three had tension-type headaches and five migraine. In the control group of 107 children 4.7% suffered from headaches and only one from migraine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incontinence and headache in preschool children

Gontard

Overs

Moritz³

et al. 2019

Neurourology and Urodynamics

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Aims Headaches in preschool children are associated with behavioral and gastrointestinal symptoms. As the co‐occurrence with incontinence is not known in young children, the aim of the study was to examine associations of headache, psychological symptoms and nocturnal enuresis (NE), daytime urinary incontinence (DUI), and fecal incontinence (FI) in a population‐based sample of preschool children. Methods All preschool children of a defined geographical area were examined at school‐entry. Parents completed a 22‐item questionnaire, including 14 headache, 4 incontinence, and 25 items of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Five hundred eighty‐five children (50.4% males) with a mean age of 5.8 years were included. Results In total, 27.2% of all children had headaches. 15.7% had secondary and 11.3% primary headaches. Five children had migraine and five tension‐type headaches, while all others were unclassifiable. 9.4% of children had incontinence (7.7% NE; 2.4% DUI, 1.2% FI) and 4.0% constipation. The rates of incontinence did not differ between children with primary and those without headache for NE (12.9% vs 7.5%), DUI (3.1% vs 2.7%) or FI (3.0% vs 1.0%), but for constipation (12.1% vs 2.6%). Incontinent children had significantly more behavioral and externalizing symptoms, children with headache more internalizing problems. Primary headache was a significant predictor for internalizing, while constipation and FI were predictors for externalizing symptoms. Conclusions This population‐based study showed that headache is associated with constipation, but not with incontinence in preschool children. Headache and incontinence are common risk factors for specific psychological symptoms and should be assessed in clinical practice.

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A Possible Pathogenic Linkage Among Headache, Migraine, and Nocturnal Enuresis in Children

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Medical comorbidity of nocturnal enuresis in children

Medical comorbidity of nocturnal enuresis in children

Innocent heart murmurs and enuresis: Examining a possible link

Incontinence and headache in preschool children

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