A portable X-band on-axis standing wave linac structure

Sun, X.; Tong, Dechun; Jin, Qingxiu; Lin, Y.; Sun, Jia‐Lin; Hu, Shaoguang; Du, Tingting; Xiu-ming, Duan; Bingyi, Chen; Yuezeng, Li; Yang, Ziqiang; Hu, Wensheng

doi:10.1109/pac.1997.749982

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The production of 2.5 MeV electrons, and consequently 2.5 MV photons, requires 1-2 MW magnetrons that are more economical in terms of power consumption, replacement costs, and related parts such as modulator and cooling system. [43][44][45] The magnetron (or klystron) power for conventional LINACs are above 5 MW, that of course has longer acceleratorwaveguides as well. 46,47 Therefore, a compact LINAC with an energy of 2.5 MV beam can be a replacement for the 60 Co machines and an alternative for conventional LINACs in those countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, they have almost been discontinued due to some drawbacks such as large geometrical penumbra, short half‐life, and consequently the need to replace the source every few years, in addition to the safety and security concerns of radioisotope sources. The production of 2.5 MeV electrons, and consequently 2.5 MV photons, requires 1–2 MW magnetrons that are more economical in terms of power consumption, replacement costs, and related parts such as modulator and cooling system 43–45 . The magnetron (or klystron) power for conventional LINACs are above 5 MW, that of course has longer accelerator‐waveguides as well 46,47 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment planning with a 2.5 MV photon beam for radiation therapy

Khaledi

Hayes

Belshaw

et al. 2022

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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Purpose The shallow depth of maximum dose and higher dose fall‐off gradient of a 2.5 MV beam along the central axis that is available for imaging on linear accelerators is investigated for treatment of shallow tumors and sparing the organs at risk (OARs) beyond it. In addition, the 2.5 MV beam has an energy bridging the gap between kilo‐voltage (kV) and mega‐voltage (MV) beams for applications of dose enhancement with high atomic number (Z) nanoparticles. Methods We have commissioned and utilized a MATLAB‐based, open‐source treatment planning software (TPS), matRad, for intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) dose calculations. Treatment plans for prostate, liver, and head and neck (H&N), nasal cavity, two orbit cases, and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) were performed and compared to a conventional 6 MV beam. Additional Monte Carlo calculations were also used for benchmarking the central axis dose. Results Both beams had similar planning target volume (PTV) dose coverage for all cases. However, the 2.5 MV beam deposited 6%–19% less integral doses to the nasal cavity, orbit, and GBM cases than 6 MV photons. The mean dose to the heart in the liver plan was 10.5% lower for 2.5 MV beam. The difference between the doses to OARs of H&N for two beams was under 3%. Brain mean dose, brainstem, and optic chiasm max doses were, respectively, 7.5%–14.9%, 2.2%–8.1%, and 2.5%–19.0% lower for the 2.5 MV beam in the nasal cavity, orbit, and GBM plans. Conclusions This study demonstrates that the 2.5 MV beam can produce clinically relevant treatment plans, motivating future efforts for design of single‐energy LINACs. Such a machine will be capable of producing beams at this energy beneficial for low‐ and middle‐income countries, and investigations on dose enhancement from high‐Z nanoparticles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment planning with a 2.5 MV photon beam for radiation therapy

Khaledi

Hayes

Belshaw

et al. 2022

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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“…9, the average accelerating gradient of over 1 MV=m can be achieved with a rf power less than 1 kW. Thus, with a DAA it may become possible to build a portable x-ray source much more compact than those with conventional systems [30,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric assist accelerating structure

Satoh

Yoshida

Hayashizaki

2016

Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams

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A higher-order TM 02n mode accelerating structure is proposed based on a novel concept of dielectric loaded rf cavities. This accelerating structure consists of ultralow-loss dielectric cylinders and disks with irises which are periodically arranged in a metallic enclosure. Unlike conventional dielectric loaded accelerating structures, most of the rf power is stored in the vacuum space near the beam axis, leading to a significant reduction of the wall loss, much lower than that of conventional normal-conducting linac structures. This allows us to realize an extremely high quality factor and a very high shunt impedance at room temperature. A simulation of a 5 cell prototype design with an existing alumina ceramic indicates an unloaded quality factor of the accelerating mode over 120 000 and a shunt impedance exceeding 650 MΩ=m at room temperature.

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“…And still, there is no X-band side-coupled structure designed in China yet, though an X-band axis-coupled structure has been designed by Tsinghua University [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and optimization of a 2 MeV X-band side-coupled accelerating structure

Yuan

Hou

Gao

2017

Radiat Detect Technol Methods

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Purpose As the development of smaller accelerators technique, an X-band bi-period side-coupled accelerating structure has been designed for medical use. Methods The structure's working frequency is 9.3 GHz. π/2 mode is chosen for the structure's stability. There are 11 accelerating cells and 10 coupling cells, the first 5 of the accelerating cells work as non-light velocity part (β of the electron from 0.17 to 0.94), while the other 6 work as light velocity part. After CST simulation, the coupling constant between accelerating cells and coupling cells is 5%, and efficient shunt impedance is 142 M /m. To feed power into the structure, a coupler is designed in the middle of the structure and the coupling coefficient is 1.4. Results After optimization, the particle's capture efficiency is more than 30%, the particle energy is 2 MeV and the peak current is 60 mA, with the magnetron's input power being 0.32 MW. Conclusion X-band side-coupled accelerator efficiency is high and is a more optimized design. This design is very meaningful for the development of smaller accelerators technique.

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A portable X-band on-axis standing wave linac structure

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Treatment planning with a 2.5 MV photon beam for radiation therapy

Treatment planning with a 2.5 MV photon beam for radiation therapy

Dielectric assist accelerating structure

Design and optimization of a 2 MeV X-band side-coupled accelerating structure

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