A population survey of pancreatic islet cell antibodies and antithyroid antibodies.

Notsu, Kazumi; Goto, Yasuo; Sakurami, Takehiko; Nabeya, Noboru; Kuno, Shotaro

doi:10.1620/tjem.141.suppl_261

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…8 Previous studies have shown a low prevalence of ICA (14-16%) in recent-onset Japanese patients with T1D, suggesting that the autoimmune component may not be so important in the pathogenesis of T1D in Japanese. 7 However, a series of recent well-standardized study on the prevalence of ICA in Asians with T1D demonstrated that more than 80% of recent-onset patients had ICA. 8,9 During the past decade investigators have identified, cloned, and expressed a series of islet autoantigens, including GAD65 and IA-2 and applied as an alternative to ICA.…”

Section: Is T1d In Asia Also Caused By Autoimmunity?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides the low incidence rate of T1D in Asia, the prevalences of islet cell cytoplasmic antibody (ICA) in Asian T1D patients had been reported to be extremely low compared with those of the Caucasians. 7 However, not only is the detection of the islet-specific autoantibodies in a conventional way rather complicated and time-consuming, but incorrect patient definition might lead to false conclusion on the immunologic characteristics of T1D in Asia. 8 Previous studies have shown a low prevalence of ICA (14-16%) in recent-onset Japanese patients with T1D, suggesting that the autoimmune component may not be so important in the pathogenesis of T1D in Japanese.…”

Section: Is T1d In Asia Also Caused By Autoimmunity?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Asian populations, it has been known that the clinical and immunologic characteristics of T1D are quite different from those of Caucasians. Besides the low incidence rate of T1D in Asia, the prevalences of islet cell cytoplasmic antibody (ICA) in Asian T1D patients had been reported to be extremely low compared with those of the Caucasians 7 . However, not only is the detection of the islet‐specific autoantibodies in a conventional way rather complicated and time‐consuming, but incorrect patient definition might lead to false conclusion on the immunologic characteristics of T1D in Asia 8 .…”

Section: Is T1d In Asia Also Caused By Autoimmunity?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, not only is the detection of the islet‐specific autoantibodies in a conventional way rather complicated and time‐consuming, but incorrect patient definition might lead to false conclusion on the immunologic characteristics of T1D in Asia 8 . Previous studies have shown a low prevalence of ICA (14–16%) in recent‐onset Japanese patients with T1D, suggesting that the autoimmune component may not be so important in the pathogenesis of T1D in Japanese 7 . However, a series of recent well‐standardized study on the prevalence of ICA in Asians with T1D demonstrated that more than 80% of recent‐onset patients had ICA 8,9 …”

Section: Is T1d In Asia Also Caused By Autoimmunity?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Why Is Type 1 Diabetes Uncommon in Asia?

Park

2006

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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T1D (type 1 diabetes) incidence rates are extremely low in Asian populations. The prevalences of islet-specific autoantibodies are reported to be low compared with Caucasians. Although the clinical and immunologic characteristics of T1D in Asians appear to be different from those of Caucasians, if we apply correct patient definition and standardized methods, the typical T1D patients are very similar, in the immunologic as well as genetic perspectives. Although the association of individual allele seems to be different between populations, if we compare the identical DR-DQ haplotypes, the association and transmission to diabetic offspring were similar for Asians and Caucasians. The high-risk HLA genotypes/haplotypes were found to be independent determinants of diabetes in the first-degree relatives of individuals with T1D, particularly in the presence of autoantibodies. A different genetic susceptibility including a low frequency of high-risk HLA alleles could explain the lower prevalence of islet-specific autoantibodies and the low incidence of T1D, or different genetic and environmental interactions might be involved in the etiology of T1D. It is certain that DR-DQ linkage disequilibrium (LD) is an important factor explaining the difference in T1D incidence in different countries. LD between highly susceptible DRB1 alleles and protective DQB1 alleles, and vice versa, is the major contributing factor to the low incidence of T1D in Asians. We also suggested that different genetic/environmental interactions might operate in the etiology of T1D between Caucasians and Asians. It would be of great help for primary prevention to investigate to what degree genetic determinants influence the well-known regional differences in incidences, since we can identify environmental risk factors that may either initiate the autoimmune process or promote already ongoing beta cell damage in different countries. For this, population-based epidemiological studies are necessary to identify risk determinants that may be useful for primary prevention strategies.

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Section: Is T1d In Asia Also Caused By Autoimmunity?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Is T1d In Asia Also Caused By Autoimmunity?mentioning

confidence: 99%