A population study in cotton ginnery workers in the Sudan

Khogali, Mustafa

doi:10.1136/oem.26.4.308

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

1969

DOI: 10.1136/oem.26.4.308

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A population study in cotton ginnery workers in the Sudan

Mustafa Khogali

Abstract: Khogali, M. (1969). Brit. J. industr. Med., 26,[308][309][310][311][312][313]. A population study in cotton ginnery workers in the Sudan. An epidemiological study in cotton ginneries in the Sudan covered 323 permanently employed ginnery workers, a random sample of 35 seasonal farfara workers, and a control group of 24 members of a fire brigade. All the workers studied were men.The study showed a prevalence of byssinosis (defined as chest tightness starting on return from the annual holiday and continuing for a… Show more

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Cited by 10 publications

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“…The prevalence of byssinosis has been well documented in European cotton workers (Schilling, 1956;Lammers et al, 1964) and in African workers (El Batawi et al, 1964;Khogali, 1969). It has also been described in flax and soft hemp workers (Smiley, 1961;Bouhuys et al, 1967).…”

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Byssinosis, respiratory symptoms and spirometric lung function tests in Tanzanian sisal workers

Mustafa¹,

Lakha²,

Milla³

et al. 1978

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

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Byssinosis and other respiratory symptoms and acute and chronic changes in FVC and FEVy.o were investigated in 77 workers in sisal spinning and 83 workers in sisal brushing departments in six Tanzanian sisal factories. Although the prevalence of byssinosis in spinning departments was found to be low (5.2 %), it was very high in brushing departments (48.2 %). Workers in brushing were exposed to sisal dust for a significantly longer period (I177 + 7.3 years) compared to workers exposed to sisal in spinning (2-85 + 2 56 years). Although the number of smokers in brushing (42 %) was similar to that in spinning (37 %), smokers were more prone to byssinosis than were non-or ex-smokers after standardisation for duration of exposure. We were unable to measure dust levels in this study, but dust levels in spinning and brushing are cited from previous studies. These confirm our impression that the dust level in spinning is higher than that in an average cotton carding department and far higher in brushing than in spinning. Acute falls in FVC and FEV1. o were found during the work shift. The extent of the fall in FEy1 0 correlated well with the severity of byssinosis; 75 % of the workers with grade II byssinosis and 33 % of those with grade i + I were found to have acute falls in FEVY o greater than 0-2 litres. However some workers, 10 % in spinning and 33 % in brushing, who denied symptoms of byssinosis, were also found to have acute falls in FE1.o. Some workers had slight or severe chronic ventilatory impairment from dust (FEV1.o less than 80 %, or less than 60 % of the respective predicted values), and these workers were mostly from the brushing department. The prevalence of chronic cough and chronic bronchitis was found to be negligible in workers in the spinning and in the brushing departments: 9-6% had a chronic cough and 12% had chronic bronchitis. It is concluded that a high prevalence of byssinosis associated with chronic and acute changes in FVC and FEy1.o occurs in the brushing departments of sisal factories, and that this is related to lengthy exposure, high dust level and smoking.

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confidence: 99%

Byssinosis, respiratory symptoms and spirometric lung function tests in Tanzanian sisal workers

Mustafa¹,

Lakha²,

Milla³

et al. 1978

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

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“…There was a marked trend showing a positive association between prevalence of byssinosis and level of cotton dust concentration in the factories. The correlation between dust levels and the prevalence of byssinosis was nearly perfect when the time factor was included.The first part of this study was described earlier (Khogali, 1969). It is an epidemiological study which covered the five cotton ginning factories (factories 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) in the Maringan area in the Sudan.…”

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“…The first part of this study was described earlier (Khogali, 1969). It is an epidemiological study which covered the five cotton ginning factories (factories 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) in the Maringan area in the Sudan.…”

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Byssinosis: a follow-up study of cotton ginnery workers in the Sudan.

Khogali¹

1976

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

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A follow-up study of lung function tests and dust measurements was undertaken in ginnery workers employed in five ginning factories. Respiratory symptoms and respiratory function tests (FEV1 and FVC) were first recorded in 1967 on a total of 382 workers (323 permanently employed ginnery workers, 35 seasonal farfara workers, and 24 fire brigade men as controls). In 1969 after a six-month break from ginning before the start of the season, a follow-up study of lung function tests was undertaken on 96% of the same workers (306 ginnery workers, 35 farfara, and 24 fire brigade men). Because of the lapse of two years a new adjustment for age and height was made so as to compare the FEV1 measured in the follow-up study. The fire brigade men showed an expected fall in FEV1 during the two-year period, whereas the ginnery workers showed a rise presumably because they had had no dust exposure during the previous six months. The differences between the degree of change in these groups were statistically significant. In 1967 only the fine dust (less than 7 mum) was measured, while in 1969 the concentration of fine and medium dust, that is, less fly was measured. The factories were divided into three groups according to dust concentration. Comparison between the three factory groups and farfara shows a positive association between the level of dust concentration less fly and the prevalence of cough and phlegm. Since age did not appear to be a significant factor in the prevalence of byssinosis, comparisons between permanent workers in these three groups of factories and farfara workers taken separately were made without age standardization. The overall differences were statistically significant. There was a marked trend showing a positive association between prevalence of byssinosis and level of cotton dust concentration in the factories. The correlation between dust levels and the prevalence of byssinosis was nearly perfect when the time factor was included.

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Health risks to the population of Gezira/Sudan following irrigation of cotton fields

Ebéné¹

1983

GeoJournal

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A population study in cotton ginnery workers in the Sudan

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Byssinosis, respiratory symptoms and spirometric lung function tests in Tanzanian sisal workers

Byssinosis, respiratory symptoms and spirometric lung function tests in Tanzanian sisal workers

Byssinosis: a follow-up study of cotton ginnery workers in the Sudan.

Health risks to the population of Gezira/Sudan following irrigation of cotton fields

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