Byssinosis: a follow-up study of cotton ginnery workers in the Sudan.

Khogali, Mustafa

doi:10.1136/oem.33.3.166

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…We did not compare this with their prevalence in a control group so we cannot say whether sisal dust played a part in the pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis. The low prevalence of chronic cough and chronic bronchitis is comparable to that in Sudanese ginnery workers (Khogali, 1976) and can be explained in these African workers similarly by their moderate smoking habits, as 900% of workers in both series smoked less than 10 cigarettes/day, and also by the low atmospheric pollution outside the factories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…As the mean duration of exposure is significantly higher in brushing compared with that in spinning (Table 1), it may be assumed that the time-weighted dust measurement is far greater in brushing compared with that in spinning. This measurement was found to be highly correlated with the prevalence of byssinosis in cotton workers (Fox et al, 1973;Khogali, 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Byssinosis, respiratory symptoms and spirometric lung function tests in Tanzanian sisal workers

Mustafa¹,

Lakha²,

Milla³

et al. 1978

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

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Byssinosis and other respiratory symptoms and acute and chronic changes in FVC and FEVy.o were investigated in 77 workers in sisal spinning and 83 workers in sisal brushing departments in six Tanzanian sisal factories. Although the prevalence of byssinosis in spinning departments was found to be low (5.2 %), it was very high in brushing departments (48.2 %). Workers in brushing were exposed to sisal dust for a significantly longer period (I177 + 7.3 years) compared to workers exposed to sisal in spinning (2-85 + 2 56 years). Although the number of smokers in brushing (42 %) was similar to that in spinning (37 %), smokers were more prone to byssinosis than were non-or ex-smokers after standardisation for duration of exposure. We were unable to measure dust levels in this study, but dust levels in spinning and brushing are cited from previous studies. These confirm our impression that the dust level in spinning is higher than that in an average cotton carding department and far higher in brushing than in spinning. Acute falls in FVC and FEV1. o were found during the work shift. The extent of the fall in FEy1 0 correlated well with the severity of byssinosis; 75 % of the workers with grade II byssinosis and 33 % of those with grade i + I were found to have acute falls in FEVY o greater than 0-2 litres. However some workers, 10 % in spinning and 33 % in brushing, who denied symptoms of byssinosis, were also found to have acute falls in FE1.o. Some workers had slight or severe chronic ventilatory impairment from dust (FEV1.o less than 80 %, or less than 60 % of the respective predicted values), and these workers were mostly from the brushing department. The prevalence of chronic cough and chronic bronchitis was found to be negligible in workers in the spinning and in the brushing departments: 9-6% had a chronic cough and 12% had chronic bronchitis. It is concluded that a high prevalence of byssinosis associated with chronic and acute changes in FVC and FEy1.o occurs in the brushing departments of sisal factories, and that this is related to lengthy exposure, high dust level and smoking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Byssinosis, respiratory symptoms and spirometric lung function tests in Tanzanian sisal workers

Mustafa¹,

Lakha²,

Milla³

et al. 1978

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

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“…Khogali (1969) recorded histories of chest tightness (after annual holiday) in 20% of ginnery and 48% of farfara workers in the Sudan. Two years later, Khogali (1976) found that the same workers showed a mean FEVY increase; dust levels and prevalences of respiratory symptoms remained high. El Batawi (1962) found that symptoms of byssinosis were actually more prevalent in ginning (38%) and bale pressing (53%) than in carding (27%), although the last operation had a higher proportion with grade II byssinosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Respiratory health and dust levels in cottonseed mills.

Jones¹,

Carr²,

Glindmeyer³

et al. 1977

Thorax

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Diem, L., and Weill, H. (1977). Thorax, 32,[281][282][283][284][285][286]. Respiratory health and dust levels in cottonseed mills. Four cottonseed mills in the southern United States contained high levels of total and respirable dust. A survey of 172 workers showed low prevalences of byssinosis (2-3%) and chronic bronchitis (4%). Mean baseline (out of dust) lung function values were normal. Mean functional declines over the working shift were present on Monday and absent on Friday, indicating an acute bronchoconstrictor response. Despite limitations in translating measured dust levels into estimates of individual exposures, the overall dose-response relationship seems to differ from that found in the cotton textile industry.Byssinosis may result from inhaling any of several vegetable fibres under a variety of occupational exposures. The cotton textile industry has been the locus of most of the systematic studies of the disease. Non-textile exposures to cotton dust have received little attention, probably because these operations are predominantly rural, dispersed, and seasonal, and have a high turnover of unskilled labour.As a result of the morbidity and disability from byssinosis in textile workers, governments have undertaken to regulate the permissible exposure to cotton dust. The major task is to define a safe and feasible limit of exposure. It is reasonable also to consider whether to apply the same standard to all sources of airborne cotton dust. The answer to this question should depend upon whether byssinosis is found in non-textile workers, and whether the dust-dose biologic-response relationship is similar to that in the textile industry.Cottonseed is an important product of cotton cultivation. Seed mills separate the raw cottonseed into 'linters' (attached short cotton fibres), hulls, and meats, the last being the source of oil and cake or meal. The early steps in processing involve removal of coarse trash by mechanical shakers, stripping the linters from hulls by revolving saws, and collecting the baling linters. These operations raise substantial amounts of dust. The cottonseed is not treated in any way before it reaches the mill. Study population and methodsIn the summer of 1975, we studied workers in four cottonseed mills in the southern United States. We attempted to recruit all workers in dusty jobs and a number of other cottonseed mill workers (thought to be only minimally exposed to dust) to serve as a comparison group. In three mills, we recruited as many workers as were willing to participate. In the fourth and largest mill, all workers in dusty jobs were recruited, and as many with minimal exposures as study time permitted. One hundred and seventy-two workers completed the interview; 153 completed function studies for inclusion in the Monday analysis (reasons for exclusion included having less than 40 hours off work before testing, or unexpected absence from work). Of these 153 workers, 145 were available for study on Friday of the same week.Frequency distributions of the ages and length o...

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“…9,10 In our study we have observed that all the workers suffering from one or other type of respiratory disorders are smokers. None of the non-smoker worker suffered from any type of respiratory disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

The Pattern of Lung Function Abnormalities in Smokers of Ginning Mill Workers

Talikoti¹,

Patil²,

Aithala³

et al. 2012

iosrphr

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Background:The cotton mill workers have increased prevalence of both obstructive and restrictive lung functions compared with control studies. Smoking was found to be an important risk factor for byssinosis and duration of exposure to cotton dust has also been reported to associated with chronic bronchitis, cough, dyspnoea ,evaluate the relation between smoking and incidence of byssinosis in ginning mill workers. Aims and objectives: Conclusion:The smokers are more prone to respiratory disorders and byssinosis compared to non-smokers who are working in ginning mill factory. The lung function parameters were also decreased in the smokers compared to non-smokers group.

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Byssinosis: a follow-up study of cotton ginnery workers in the Sudan.

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Byssinosis, respiratory symptoms and spirometric lung function tests in Tanzanian sisal workers

Byssinosis, respiratory symptoms and spirometric lung function tests in Tanzanian sisal workers

Respiratory health and dust levels in cottonseed mills.

The Pattern of Lung Function Abnormalities in Smokers of Ginning Mill Workers

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