A Population-Based Study of Xerophthalmia in the Extreme North Province of Cameroon, West Africa

Wilson, M. Roy; Mansour, Mohamed K.; Atud, Atina Emmanuel; Casey, Richard; Fobi, Grace; Moukouri, Ernest; Alemayehu, Wondu; Martone, James F.; Ross‐Degnan, Dennis

doi:10.1001/archopht.1996.01100130460018

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The working definition, study period, and the tool were almost similar that gives a consistent result [48]. But, the magnitude of xerophthalmia in this study is higher than reports in Asgede Tsimbla rural district of Northern Ethiopia [38], Jimma town, Ethiopia [36], Southern Ethiopia [33], northern Sudan [17], traditional Quran bordering school of Sudan [49], Nigeria [28], Malawi [29], Cameron [30], Southeast Asia [50], Nepal [22], Philippines [23], northern Bangladesh [24], west java, Indonesia [25], Thailand [26], Cambodia [27], Yemen [51] and Ahmadabad, India [20]. This discrepancy might be due to the sociocultural variation among the study populations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

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Xerophthalmia and Its Associated Factors among School-Age Children in Amba Giorgis Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018

Belete

Fenta

Hussen

2019

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Introduction Xerophthalmia is a general term applied to all the ocular manifestations from night blindness through complete corneal destruction (keratomalacia) due to vitamin A deficiency. Xerophthalmia is the main contributing factors for childhood blindness in developing countries. However, there is limited evidence that can implicate the current situation. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of xerophthalmia and associated factors among school-age children in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 490 children, age range of 6 to 12 years. The study participants were selected through systematic random sampling method. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and ophthalmic examination with different ophthalmic instruments. The analyzed result was summarized and presented using descriptive statistics. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with xerophthalmia. Variables with a p value of <0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression analysis were considered as statistically significant. Results A total of 484 study participants with a response rate of 98.8 were involved in this study, and their median age was 8 years with IQR of 4 years. The prevalence of xerophthalmia was 8.26% (95% CI: 5.8, 10.7). Family income less than 1000 Ethiopian birr (AOR = 4.65, 95% CI: 1.31, 16.4), presence of febrile illness (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.49, 6.11), poor consumption of fruits and vegetables (AOR = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.30, 7.80), and nonimmunized status (AOR = 3.43, 95% CI: 1.49, 7.89) were significantly associated with xerophthalmia. Conclusions and recommendations The prevalence of xerophthalmia was high as compared to the World Health Organization criteria for public health significance. Factors identified for xerophthalmia in this study are low income, the poor dietary practice of fruits and vegetables, and the presence of febrile illness and not immunized. Hence, it is a public problem that needs attention.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…A population-based survey conducted in Nigeria [28], Malawi [29], and Cameron [30] revealed that the prevalence of xerophthalmia ranges from 0.62% to 3.9%. Likewise, a community-based study performed in different regions of Sudan reported that the maximum prevalence of xerophthalmia was 8.8% [17, 31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xerophthalmia and Its Associated Factors among School-Age Children in Amba Giorgis Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018

Belete

Fenta

Hussen

2019

Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Cameroon has a history of clinical VAD, 36,37 so periodic high potency VA supplementation was started in 2002. Mandatory oil fortification was initiated in 2011 as an additional strategy to alleviate VAD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Safety of Vitamin A Delivered Through Large-Scale Intervention Programs

et al. 2016

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Nutritional Blindness (Vitamin A Deficiency Disorders)

2007

Handbook of Nutrition and Ophthalmology

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A Population-Based Study of Xerophthalmia in the Extreme North Province of Cameroon, West Africa

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Xerophthalmia and Its Associated Factors among School-Age Children in Amba Giorgis Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018

Xerophthalmia and Its Associated Factors among School-Age Children in Amba Giorgis Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018

Assessing the Safety of Vitamin A Delivered Through Large-Scale Intervention Programs

Nutritional Blindness (Vitamin A Deficiency Disorders)

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