A polymerizable difunctional photoinitiator featuring a bio-based group and its photoinitiating properties

Zhou, Yanfang; Zhong, Rong; Wang, Zhengjie

doi:10.1177/17475198221136063

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The monomers have different functionalities in order to control the degree of crosslinking in combination with given oligomer, while they have a lower viscosity for better processing and variable molecular structures for adapting rigidity or flexibility. The bio-based photointiators have lately been synthesized, 16,17 but they are almost unavailable at industrial scale even if they are only used for 2% to 4% in a final acrylate formulation. In parallel, several trials have been launched for the synthesis of biobased acrylic acid, 18 however, without success yet in further industrial upscaling: acrylic acid can be alternatively produced from renewable resources, either by oxidation of acrolein, which is derived from glycerol, or through direct dehydration of lactic acid and 3-hydroxypropionic acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

(Thermo)mechanical and chemical characteristics of photochemically crosslinked acrylates from bio‐ and fossil‐based origin

Samyn,

Adeel,

Pazdur

et al. 2024

Journal of Polymer Science

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The acrylates with oligomers and monomers from (partially) bio‐based feedstock become available at (semi‐)industrial scale, which can be processed through photochemical crosslinking for applications in coatings, additive manufacturing, electronics, or inks. Although fossil‐ and bio‐based acrylates may have a similar chemical composition, it requires good understanding of processing and structure–property relationships as minor changes in microstructure may strongly alter the performance. A comparative study on mechanical properties and chemical structure of bio‐ and fossil‐based acrylates with different functionalities and backbone structures reveals higher ductility of bio‐based acrylates, in relation with a more complex organization of the intrinsic molecular structure. The latter is confirmed by mechanical testing and visco‐elastic characteristics (dynamic mechanical analysis) yielding lower stiffness and higher dampening of bio‐based acrylates, in parallel with a lower glass transition temperature (differential scanning calorimetry). The complex molecular arrangements include a nanoscale morphology with ordered structure (X‐ray diffraction), conformational changes (infrared spectroscopy), and a residual high‐molecular weight fraction (size exclusion chromatography). The visco‐elastic calculations indicate only 4% to 5% lower crosslinking density and around 10% higher mean molar mass of the polymer chains segments between chemical crosslinks and trapped chain entanglements, which explain the unique structure and performance of bio‐based acrylates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%