A Pixelized Variable Optical Attenuator Using Liquid Crystal on Silicon Technology for Tunable Filters

Ide, Masafumi; Suguro, Akira; Hosaka, Y.; Katsunuma, Atsushi; Takahashi, Kouzou; Shiraishi, Atsushi

doi:10.1007/s10043-004-0132-1

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This result implies that the lowest light intensity is beyond the highest sensitivity of the CCD detector. However, CR can be estimated using (5). Since CR in transmissive mode is ∼80, the CR in reflective mode should be ∼6400.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a fiber-optic switch, the level of input optical power should be controlled so that the output power will not damage or saturate the receiver. To reduce output power, various VOAs based on MEMS [1][2][3][4], liquid crystal (LC) or polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) [5][6][7][8][9][10][11], electrowetting [12][13][14], dielectrophoretic effect [15], optofluidic [16][17][18][19][20], and other types [21] have been developed. Most of these VOAs work by reflection, deflection, refraction or interference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dielectrically actuated attenuator at 1.55 μm

Wang

Ren

2018

J. Phys. Commun.

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We prepared a variable optical attenuator (VOA) at λ∼1.55 μm using dielectrically actuated liquids. This VOA works in the principle of absorption. Electro-optical characteristics of this VOA were measured in both transmissive and reflective modes. Compared to transmissive mode, reflective mode could offer much larger attenuation without changing other performances. By applying a voltage of 27 V rms , this VOA could obtain ∼19 dB in transmissive mode, and 38 dB in reflective mode. It had insertion loss (IL) of ∼0.76 dB with negligible polarization dependent loss (PDL) at various voltages. Due to its competitive features such as voltage actuation, optical isotropy, and large attenuation with zero PDL, this VOA in reflective mode has potential applications in fiber-optic switches, sensing, and other infrared attenuators.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectrically actuated attenuator at 1.55 μm

Wang

Ren

2018

J. Phys. Commun.

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“…1,2 High potential wavelength divider to achieve 50GHz resolution can be attained as a variable attenuator for the wave length multiplexing in the optical fiber communication. 3 Spectral remixing technique using the LCSLM is useful for the ultra short pulse shaping up to f-sec pulse laser, and it is utilized for the control of the optically assisted chemical reactions. 4 These phenomena are told to be important in the modulation frequency with the THz components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential applications of nematic liquid crystal materials in the millimeter wave region

et al. 2006

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Large tunable properties induced by the change of LC molecular orientation states can be expected for wider frequency region except for visible rays. Focusing on the millimeter wave (MMW) region, a novel measurement method for LC materials is investigated using the rectangular waveguide test cell and several commercially available nematic LC materials have been actually evaluated for V-band (50GHz-75GHz) and W-band (65GHz-110GHz) regions. Refractive indices for the direction parallel to the LC molecular orientation in the MMW region are almost the same with those in the visible rays, on the other hand the indices for the direction perpendicular to the LC orientation show a little larger values. Consequently, refractive index anisotropy which is the most important for the tunable LC devices reduces to be 1/2 through 1/3 of that in the visible rays. Although the larger refractive index anisotropy is desired for the better performance, the anisotropy of the usual LC materials is still large and the loss properties are fairly good. Based on the materials data, we have demonstrated the CPW type LC devices combining with an ITO glass substrate on it. Phase and amplitude changes of the transmitted MMW by the LC driving are investigated considering the influences of some device parameters.

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Titanium-doped indium oxide films prepared by d.c. magnetron sputtering using ceramic target

Abe

Ishiyama

2006

J Mater Sci

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A Pixelized Variable Optical Attenuator Using Liquid Crystal on Silicon Technology for Tunable Filters

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Dielectrically actuated attenuator at 1.55 μm

Dielectrically actuated attenuator at 1.55 μm

Potential applications of nematic liquid crystal materials in the millimeter wave region

Titanium-doped indium oxide films prepared by d.c. magnetron sputtering using ceramic target

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