A Pilot Study to Examine the Effects of a Mindfulness-Based Stress-Reduction and Relaxation Program on Levels of Stress Hormones, Physical Functioning, and Submaximal Exercise Responses

McComb, Jacalyn J. Robert; Tacón, Anna M.; Randolph, Patrck; Caldera, Yvonne M.

doi:10.1089/acm.2004.10.819

Cited by 66 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Finally, alcohol- and cocaine-dependent individuals have shown attenuation of self-reported anxiety and drug cravings during stress, with concomitant adaptive shifts in autonomic nervous system function, while remaining fully engaged with their experiences (25). One might expect associated normalization in plasma cortisol concentrations, as has been suggested by studies of individuals with heart disease and cancer who have undergone MT (121, 122), though these studies are yet to be reported. Together, these suggest that through acceptance of both mood- and drug-related ruminative thought patterns, MT may show increased efficacy in individuals with co-morbid MDD and SUDs, where other treatments fail.…”

Section: (Iii) Mechanism Of Action In Mindfulness Trainingmentioning

confidence: 90%

Mindfulness‐based treatments for co‐occurring depression and substance use disorders: what can we learn from the brain?

et al. 2010

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Both depression and substance use disorders represent major global public health concerns and are often co-occurring. Although there are ongoing discoveries regarding the pathophysiology and treatment of each condition, common mechanisms and effective treatments for co-occurring depression and substance abuse remain elusive. Mindfulness training has recently been shown to benefit both depression and substance use disorders, suggesting that this approach may target common behavioral and neurobiological processes. However, it remains unclear whether these pathways constitute specific shared neurobiological mechanisms or more extensive components universal to the broader human experience of psychological distress or suffering. We offer a theoretical, clinical and neurobiological perspective of the overlaps between these disorders, highlight common neural pathways that play a role in depression and substance use disorders, and discuss how these commonalities may frame our conceptualization and treatment of co-occurring disorders. Finally, we discuss how advances in our understanding of potential mechanisms of mindfulness training may offer not only unique effects on depression and substance use, but also offer promise for treatment of co-occurring disorders. KeywordsMindfulness; Addiction; Depression; Substance Use Treatment; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI); co-occurring disorders; dual diagnosis Mindfulness training (MT) may target common underlying mechanisms of major depressive disorder (MDD) and substance use disorders (SUDs), providing an effective treatment for co-occurrence of these maladies where few currently exist. We will use "co-occurring disorder" and "dual diagnosis" to refer to the co-occurrence of MDD and an SUD in which "diagnoses of these disorders must occur simultaneously or within a one year time frame of each other" (1). As first-line treatment for substance-induced mood disorders is to treat the underlying SUD (2), substance-induced mood disorders will not be included in this discussion. Additionally, although co-occurring psychotic and anxiety disorders are common

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Section: (Iii) Mechanism Of Action In Mindfulness Trainingmentioning

confidence: 90%

Mindfulness‐based treatments for co‐occurring depression and substance use disorders: what can we learn from the brain?

et al. 2010

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“…After attending a meditation intervention using a focus on Ujjayi breathing, it was found that healthy persons demonstrated a decrease in respiratory rate and an increase in expiratory time 15. A group of participants with heart failure who attended an MBSR intervention also demonstrated a decrease in respiratory rate at rest that was shown to be a result of prolonged expiratory time 16. Although these studies demonstrated a change in respiratory pattern along with improved function and quality of life, they did not measure mindfulness levels 15,16…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We examined the feasibility and acceptability of a mindfulness meditation intervention for persons with COPD using the MBSR structure and determined preliminary effects on breathing parameters, anxiety sensitivity, level of mindfulness, and COPD symptom burden. It has been demonstrated that breathing timing parameters change in response to meditation at rest over time in healthy individuals15 and in individuals with heart failure 16. This change can perhaps be used as a measure of meditation uptake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pilot study: mindfulness meditation intervention in COPD

Chan¹,

Giardino²,

Larson³

2015

COPD

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Living well with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) requires people to manage disease-related symptoms in order to participate in activities of daily living. Mindfulness practice is an intervention that has been shown to reduce symptoms of chronic disease and improve accurate symptom assessment, both of which could result in improved disease management and increased wellness for people with COPD. A randomized controlled trial was conducted to investigate an 8-week mindful meditation intervention program tailored for the COPD population and explore the use of breathing timing parameters as a possible physiological measure of meditation uptake. Results demonstrated that those randomized to the mindful meditation intervention group (N=19) had a significant increase in respiratory rate over time as compared to those randomized to the wait-list group (N=22) (P=0.045). It was also found that the mindful meditation intervention group demonstrated a significant decrease in level of mindfulness over time as compared to the wait-list group (P=0.023). When examining participants from the mindful meditation intervention who had completed six or more classes, it was found that respiratory rate did not significantly increase in comparison to the wait-list group. Furthermore, those who completed six or more classes (N=12) demonstrated significant improvement in emotional function in comparison to the wait-list group (P=0.032) even though their level of mindfulness did not improve. This study identifies that there may be a complex relationship between breathing parameters, emotion, and mindfulness in the COPD population. The results describe good feasibility and acceptability for meditation interventions in the COPD population.

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“…However, to our knowledge, the direct influence of promoting mindfulness in psychotherapists on their patients’ psychotherapeutic results has not been examined. Most studies evaluating techniques of psychotherapists concentrate exclusively on patient intervention [13,14,15,16,17,18]. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess whether the promotion of mindfulness, through daily Zen meditation, in psychotherapists in training (PiTs) influences the treatment results of their patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting Mindfulness in Psychotherapists in Training Influences the Treatment Results of Their Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study

Grepmair¹,

Mitterlehner²,

Loew³

et al. 2007

Psychother Psychosom

269

164

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Background: All therapists direct their attention in some manner during psychotherapy. A special form of directing attention, ‘mindfulness’, is recommended. This study aimed to examine whether, and to what extent, promoting mindfulness in psychotherapists in training (PiT) influences the treatment results of their patients. Methods: The therapeutic course and treatment results of 124 inpatients, who were treated for 9 weeks by 18 PiTs, were compared. The PiTs were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: (i) those practicing Zen meditation (MED; n = 9 or (ii) control group, which did not perform meditation (noMED; n = 9). The results of treatment (according to the intent-to-treat principle) were examined using the Session Questionnaire for General and Differen-tial Individual Psychotherapy (STEP), the Questionnaire of Changes in Experience and Behavior (VEV) and the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R). Results: Compared to the noMED group (n = 61), the patients of PiTs from the MED group (n = 63) had significantly higher evaluations (according to the intent-to-treat principle) for individual therapy on 2 STEP scales, clarification and problem-solving perspectives. Their evaluations were also significantly higher for the entire therapeutic result on the VEV. Furthermore, the MED group showed greater symptom reduction than the noMED group on the Global Severity Index and 8 SCL-90-R scales, including Somatization, Insecurity in Social Contact, Obsessiveness, Anxiety, Anger/Hostility, Phobic Anxiety, Paranoid Thinking and Psychoticism. Conclusions: This study indicates that promoting mindfulness in PiTs could positively influence the therapeutic course and treatment results in their patients.

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A Pilot Study to Examine the Effects of a Mindfulness-Based Stress-Reduction and Relaxation Program on Levels of Stress Hormones, Physical Functioning, and Submaximal Exercise Responses

Cited by 66 publications

References 20 publications

Mindfulness‐based treatments for co‐occurring depression and substance use disorders: what can we learn from the brain?

Mindfulness‐based treatments for co‐occurring depression and substance use disorders: what can we learn from the brain?

A pilot study: mindfulness meditation intervention in COPD

Promoting Mindfulness in Psychotherapists in Training Influences the Treatment Results of Their Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study

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