Heart failure is a common problem and a major cause of mortality, morbidity and impaired quality of life. Anemia is a frequent comorbidity in heart failure and further worsens prognosis and disability. Regardless of anemia status, iron deficiency is a common and usually unidentified problem in patients with heart failure. This article reviews the mechanisms, impact on outcomes and treatment of anemia and iron deficiency in patients with heart failure. © 2013 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia Published by Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.
PALAVRAS-CHAVEAnemia; Deficiência de ferro; Insuficiência cardíaca; Terapêutica com ferro
Anemia e deficiência de ferro na insuficiência cardíacaResumo A insuficiência cardíaca é uma patologia comum e uma causa importante de mortalidade, morbilidade e deterioração da qualidade de vida. A anemia é uma comorbilidade frequente na insuficiência cardíaca e agrava o seu prognóstico e capacidade funcional. Independentemente da presença ou não de anemia, a deficiência de ferro é um problema associado à insuficiência cardíaca muitas vezes não identificado. Este artigo revê os mecanismos, impacto prognóstico e tratamento da anemia e deficiência de ferro. © 2013 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L. Todos os direitos reservados.
Case studyA 72-year-old woman with a history of poorly controlled hypertension under diuretic therapy for the previous 10 years was assessed for fatigue and dyspnea on minimal ଝ Please cite this article as: Gil VM, Ferreira JS. Anemia e deficiência de ferro na insuficiência cardíaca. Rev Port Cardiol. 2014;33:39---44.* Corresponding author. E-mail address: victorgilmd@gmail.com (V.M. Gil).exertion (NYHA class III). Her blood pressure was 150/85 mmHg and her heart rate was 88 bpm; she had faint crackles in the lung bases and ankle edema. The ECG showed voltage criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy. Her hemoglobin (Hb) level was 11.0 g/dl and her mean corpuscular volume was 85 fl, blood glucose 102 mg/dl, total cholesterol 190 mg/dl and creatinine 1 mg/dl. She was medicated with furosemide, a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor and a beta-blocker, and was referred for echocardiographic assessment. What role did the patient's Hb of 11 g/dl play in her clinical setting?