A phylogenetic reconstruction of the epidemiological history of canine rabies virus variants in Colombia

Hughes, G.; Páez, Andrés; Bóshell, Jorge; Rupprecht, Charles E.

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2003.12.001

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This tendency was also consistent for other groups outside the CosC, such as group IX (35,36). Dog rabies epizootics in the Americas seem to be characterized by the circulation of multiple geographic or temporal lineages that have either become extinct or merged over time (2,3,8,10,21,22,(32)(33)(34). Such a tendency was clearly observed in groups I, II, and VI and was implicit in groups III, IV, V, and VII (2,3,5,8,10,12,21-23,31-33, 35,36).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

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Enzootic Rabies Elimination from Dogs and Reemergence in Wild Terrestrial Carnivores, United States

Velasco-Villa¹,

Reeder²,

Orciari³

et al. 2008

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

134

146

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To provide molecular and virologic evidence that domestic dog rabies is no longer enzootic to the United States and to identify putative relatives of dog-related rabies viruses (RVs) circulating in other carnivores, we studied RVs associated with recent and historic dog rabies enzootics worldwide. Molecular, phylogenetic, and epizootiologic evidence shows that domestic dog rabies is no longer enzootic to the United States. Nonetheless, our data suggest that independent rabies enzootics are now established in wild terrestrial carnivores (skunks in California and northcentral United States, gray foxes in Texas and Arizona, and mongooses in Puerto Rico), as a consequence of different spillover events from long-term rabies enzootics associated with dogs. These preliminary results highlight the key role of dog RVs and human-dog demographics as operative factors for host shifts and disease reemergence into other important carnivore populations and highlight the need for the elimination of dog-related RVs worldwide.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…The concept of dog-related lineages spilling into wildlife species with further host shifts was consistent for all phylogentic groups shown as part of CosC (I to VI) (8,10,(21)(22)(23)(24)(31)(32)(33)(34). This tendency was also consistent for other groups outside the CosC, such as group IX (35,36).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Enzootic Rabies Elimination from Dogs and Reemergence in Wild Terrestrial Carnivores, United States

Velasco-Villa¹,

Reeder²,

Orciari³

et al. 2008

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

134

146

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“…Specifically, the substitution rates we estimated for EBLV-1 are not only among the lowest seen in RNA viruses (19,23), but lower than those previously reported for genotype 1 lyssaviruses. These estimates range from relatively high rates of ϳ1 ϫ 10 Ϫ3 substitutions/site/year (19,22) to lower rates of 3.1 ϫ 10 Ϫ4 to 5.5 ϫ 10 Ϫ4 substitutions/site/year (4, 6). The lowest evolutionary rate thus far recorded for genotype 1 lyssaviruses was 5.06 ϫ 10 Ϫ5 substitutions/site/year at nonsynonymous sites (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeography, Population Dynamics, and Molecular Evolution of European Bat Lyssaviruses

Davis

Holmes

Larrous

et al. 2005

J Virol

108

100

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European bat lyssaviruses types 1 and 2 (EBLV-1 and EBLV-2) are widespread in Europe, although little is known of their evolutionary history. We undertook a comprehensive sequence analysis to infer the selection pressures, rates of nucleotide substitution, age of genetic diversity, geographical origin, and population growth rates of EBLV-1. Our study encompassed data from 12 countries collected over a time span of 35 years and focused on the glycoprotein (G) and nucleoprotein (N) genes. We show that although the two subtypes of EBLV-1-EBLV-1a and EBLV-1b-have both grown at a low exponential rate since their introduction into Europe, they have differing population structures and dispersal patterns. Furthermore, there were strong constraints against amino acid change in both EBLV-1 and EBLV-2, as reflected in a low ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions per site, particularly in EBLV-1b. Our inferred rate of nucleotide substitution in EBLV-1, approximately 5 ؋ 10 ؊5 substitutions per site per year, was also one of the lowest recorded for RNA viruses and implied that the current genetic diversity in the virus arose 500 to 750 years ago. We propose that the slow evolution of EBLVs reflects their distinctive epidemiology in bats, where they occupy a relatively stable fitness peak.

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“…La población colombiana se ha visto afectada históricamente por brotes urbanos y de origen silvestre (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). El brote urbano más reciente ocurrió en los años 2006-2008 en el Distrito Turístico de Santa Marta, departamento del Magdalena, el cual cobró la vida de cuatro humanos y de decenas de perros (10).…”

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Evaluación de la seroconversión como respuesta a la vacunación antirrábica en perros en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia, 2009

Páez

Hernández²,

Escobar

et al. 2011

biomedica

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Resultados. El 9,1 % de los perros de la muestra fueron seronegativos y el 25,1 % no evidenciaron respuesta inmunitaria humoral adecuada a la vacunación. La concentración de anticuerpos disminuyó gradualmente desde la aplicación de la vacuna, y estuvo asociada a edad y calidad de las vacunas, aunque no estuvo asociada a sexo ni a raza. Conclusiones. Con el fin de aumentar los porcentajes de perros seropositivos y con respuesta inmunitaria humoral adecuada, se hacen las siguientes recomendaciones: 1) utilizar vacunas antirrábicas viables; 2) aplicar dos dosis de vacuna durante los primeros seis meses de vida de los cachorros; 3) aplicar refuerzos de vacuna, por lo menos, una vez al año; 4) que las autoridades vigilen las actividades y los procesos programáticos relacionados con la vacunación antirrábica por particulares.Palabras clave: vacunas antirrábicas, virus de la rabia, Lyssavirus, zoonosis, vigilancia epidemiológica, inmunidad, Colombia. Evaluation of the seroconversion as a response to rabies vaccination in dogs, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, 2009Introduction. The province of Valle del Cauca has been free of dog rabies for more than 20 years. However, sylvatic rabies foci remain which are threats to the health of the populace and its pets. Rabies vaccination campaigns are carried out annually in all 42 counties of the province. Objectives. The impact of dog vaccination was evaluated on the basis of humoral immunoresponse, population parameters and correlation with variables inherent to the vaccination process and logistics. Materials and methods. Sera and associated data were obtained from each of the 42 counties for a total sample of 569 rabies-vaccinated dogs. Rabies neutralizing antibodies were measured by quantitative ELISA. The data were analyzed with the statistical programs in Epi-Info 6.0.Results. Nearly 10% of dogs were seronegative (9.1%) and an additional 25.1% did not elicit an adequate humoral immune response to vaccination. Concentration of rabies neutralizing antibodies diminished gradually with the time after vaccination and was correlated with dog age and vaccine quality. No associations were noted between dog gender or breed. Conclusions. These data permit the following recommendations: (1) only viable, non expired rabies vaccines must be used to immunize animals, (2) two doses of rabies vaccine must be applied during the first six months of dog life, (3) booster immunizations must be administered every year, (4) practices

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A phylogenetic reconstruction of the epidemiological history of canine rabies virus variants in Colombia

Cited by 30 publications

References 21 publications

Enzootic Rabies Elimination from Dogs and Reemergence in Wild Terrestrial Carnivores, United States

Enzootic Rabies Elimination from Dogs and Reemergence in Wild Terrestrial Carnivores, United States

Phylogeography, Population Dynamics, and Molecular Evolution of European Bat Lyssaviruses

Evaluación de la seroconversión como respuesta a la vacunación antirrábica en perros en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia, 2009

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