“…ice VII (marked by 2, at 2 GPa) transitions under pressures applied in no field (E ¼ 0). They are far from the discontinuity in ¼ (Å t ) characteristic of the phase transition found in [16,44]. Hence, the discontinuous phase transition described above is not an artifact resulting from the use of the input data.…”
Section: Phase Transition In H 2 O Induced By Electrostriction Pressumentioning
confidence: 87%
“…(2)) allowing calculation of some parameters of the system from the values of other parameters is the equation of state. In [16,44] it is shown that the same equation that relates electric quantities to the mechanical ones implies the existence of a phase transition: normal water ! compressed H 2 O.…”
Section: The Equation Of State Of H 2 O Expressed In the Variables Tmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…We shall present a theoretical evidence that H 2 O at ambient conditions in a field of a strength taking the values from the range 0.77<E<1.36 (10 9 V m À1 ) (cf. Table I) undergoes a phase transition to a dense and orientationally ordered phase of H 2 O at a transition value Å t ¼ 0.2 GPa of the local electrostriction pressure [16]. The transition is accompanied by a latent heat as well as discontinuities in entropy and electric field.…”
Section: The Equilibrium Condition As a Basis For Writing The Equatiomentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Along the lines of our approach, for instance, a solution can be suggested of the problem of anomalous hydration of the Sr 2þ ion [16,54]. The steep variations (Fig.…”
Research that has led to writing the equation of state of an open system containing water in an electric field and to prediction of a related phase transition at the same time as its experimental discovery was announced, is reviewed. X-ray and neutron scattering, dielectric, picosecond photothermal/photoacoustic, thermal and electrochemical measurements contribute to our understanding of these phenomena and are discussed from a unique point of view. New theoretical results are presented and compared with experiment.
“…ice VII (marked by 2, at 2 GPa) transitions under pressures applied in no field (E ¼ 0). They are far from the discontinuity in ¼ (Å t ) characteristic of the phase transition found in [16,44]. Hence, the discontinuous phase transition described above is not an artifact resulting from the use of the input data.…”
Section: Phase Transition In H 2 O Induced By Electrostriction Pressumentioning
confidence: 87%
“…(2)) allowing calculation of some parameters of the system from the values of other parameters is the equation of state. In [16,44] it is shown that the same equation that relates electric quantities to the mechanical ones implies the existence of a phase transition: normal water ! compressed H 2 O.…”
Section: The Equation Of State Of H 2 O Expressed In the Variables Tmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…We shall present a theoretical evidence that H 2 O at ambient conditions in a field of a strength taking the values from the range 0.77<E<1.36 (10 9 V m À1 ) (cf. Table I) undergoes a phase transition to a dense and orientationally ordered phase of H 2 O at a transition value Å t ¼ 0.2 GPa of the local electrostriction pressure [16]. The transition is accompanied by a latent heat as well as discontinuities in entropy and electric field.…”
Section: The Equilibrium Condition As a Basis For Writing The Equatiomentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Along the lines of our approach, for instance, a solution can be suggested of the problem of anomalous hydration of the Sr 2þ ion [16,54]. The steep variations (Fig.…”
Research that has led to writing the equation of state of an open system containing water in an electric field and to prediction of a related phase transition at the same time as its experimental discovery was announced, is reviewed. X-ray and neutron scattering, dielectric, picosecond photothermal/photoacoustic, thermal and electrochemical measurements contribute to our understanding of these phenomena and are discussed from a unique point of view. New theoretical results are presented and compared with experiment.
“…However, in some liquids, the experimental value of NDE increment is positive. This 'abnormal' NDE increment is a consequence of an influence of a strong external field on molecular association [5][6][7], tautomeric equilibriums [8,9] as well as thermodynamic and critical fluctuations [4,10]. In the vicinity of the critical mixing point very strong increase in the NDE increment is observed [11][12][13][14].…”
The equation of state of an open system containing water in an electric field of strength E greater than 108 V m-1 leads to a phase diagram with two-phase and single-phase regions in the Pi,E,T coordinates (=electrostriction pressure). The phases differ by their degree of orientation of H2O molecules in the field. The phase transition is discontinuous with respect to E. The calculation shows that the discontinuity vanishes at the critical point: Pi(c) approximately 0.2 GPa, Ec approximately 109 V m-1 and below 313 K. The thermal effect of the transition is calculated and compared with an experiment at the Hg/aqueous electrolyte interface found in the literature.
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