2008
DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2008.03.003
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A pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic study comparing arformoterol tartrate inhalation solution and racemic formoterol dry powder inhaler in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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Cited by 14 publications
(11 citation statements)
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“…For instance, it may be that ( R,R )‐ and ( S,S )‐formoterol have differential partitioning, distribution and clearance kinetics in skeletal muscle. Such assessment, however, would require repeated muscle biopsy sampling for several hours because of the relatively long half‐life of formoterol . In addition, substantial inter‐variability exists in the pharmacokinetics of beta 2 ‐agonists, which is also reflected by the spread of the formoterol enantiomer concentrations observed in plasma and muscle in the present study.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 82%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…For instance, it may be that ( R,R )‐ and ( S,S )‐formoterol have differential partitioning, distribution and clearance kinetics in skeletal muscle. Such assessment, however, would require repeated muscle biopsy sampling for several hours because of the relatively long half‐life of formoterol . In addition, substantial inter‐variability exists in the pharmacokinetics of beta 2 ‐agonists, which is also reflected by the spread of the formoterol enantiomer concentrations observed in plasma and muscle in the present study.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 82%
“…13,17,33,34 An important consideration of the present study was that muscle concentrations of formoterol enantiomers were determined 1 hour after inhalation of two repetitive doses of rac-formoterol, consistent with time to reach maximum plasma levels (t max ). 20 Given the observation that the pharmacokinetics of individual formoterol enantiomers in plasma differ, 20,31 it is likely that (R,R)-and (S,S)-formoterol concentrations also exhibit a different time-course in muscle. For instance, it may be that (R,R)-and (S,S)-formoterol have differential partitioning, distribution and clearance kinetics in skeletal muscle.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is not clear if longer exposure would have a similar outcome. However, a recent study of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease showed a similar bronchodilator efficacy for (R,R)-and racemic formoterol after 14 days of treatment (24). Previous studies with guinea pig tracheal strips support the idea that (R,R)-and racemic formoterol have a similar relaxant efficacy, but, in those studies, (S,S)-formoterol had no significant effect on airway contractility (7,8).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…There are little pharmacokinetic data for the (R;R)-and (S;S)-enantiomers, but the area under the curve and half-life after single or 14 days of dosing are similar indicating no accumulation of the (S;S) enantiomer. 25,26 As with levalbuterol and albuterol, there is a 2:1 potency ratio for (R;R)-formoterol versus the racemate on FEV1 and heart rate. 27 In a recent pediatric safety study, 3 doses of 7.5 mg/dose of arformoterol over 1 hour found no clinically important adverse effects.…”
Section: Arformoterolmentioning
confidence: 99%