A PET study of visuospatial attention

Corbetta, Maurizio; Miezin, Francis M.; Shulman, Gordon L.; Petersen, Steven E.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.13-03-01202.1993

Cited by 1,439 publications

(908 citation statements)

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“…The more inferior medial activation of the precuneus corresponds closely to areas reported previously to be active during spatial attention and spatial working memory tasks [Corbetta et al, 1993;Giesbrecht et al, 2003;Owen et al, 1996] as well as during temporal orienting and combined spatial and temporal orienting [Coull and Nobre, 1998]. We propose that, together with the SPL, it serves to maintain a spatiotemporal bias against to-be-ignored locations, in favor of to-be-searched locations.…”

Section: Discussion Previewsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Exactly how the parietal cortex should be subdivided functionally remains an important question. Traditionally, the SPL has been assigned a role in spatial processing, but also in implementing expectations (which emphasizes its temporal character) [Corbetta et al, 1993;Coull and Nobre, 1998;Hopfinger et al, 2000;Kastner and Ungerleider, 2000;Owen et al, 1996;Posner et al, 1984]. Others have found the more inferior and lateral intraparietal sulcus (IPS) as the main source of spatial or temporal selection-related activation (sometimes alongside SPL activation) [Coull and Nobre, 1998;Gitelman et al, 1999;Hopfinger et al, 2000;Kanwisher and Wojciulik, 2000;Marois et al, 2000;Owen et al, 1996;Shulman et al, 1999;Vandenberghe et al, 2000; for monkey IPS see also Gottlieb et al, 1998].…”

Section: Posterior Parietal Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prioritizing new over old: An fMRI study of the preview search task

Olivers

Smith

Matthews

et al. 2004

Human Brain Mapping

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Abstract:In visual search, observers can successfully ignore temporally separated distractors that are presented as a preview before onset of the search display. Previous behavioral studies have demonstrated the involvement of top-down selection mechanisms in preview search, biasing attention against the old set in favor of the more relevant new set. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we replicate and extend findings showing the involvement of superior and inferior parietal areas in the preview task when compared to both a relatively easy single-set search task and a more effortful full-set search task. In contrast, the effortful full-set search showed activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex when compared to the single-set search, suggesting that this area is involved in rejecting additional distractors that could not be separated in time. Hum Brain Mapp 24:69 -78, 2005.

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Section: Discussion Previewsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Posterior Parietal Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prioritizing new over old: An fMRI study of the preview search task

Olivers

Smith

Matthews

et al. 2004

Human Brain Mapping

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“…These areas become activated in response to sustained attention in multisensory as well as visual, somatosensory, and auditory experimental setups (Pardo et al, 1991;Paus et al, 1997). The right posterior parietal cortex is involved in attentional orientation to locations (PET: Corbetta et al, 1993;Nobre et al, 1997) and is considered critical for forming a multimodal sensory representation of the extrapersonal space (Mesu- lam, 1981). Earlier brain activation studies reported that the FEF and SMA (including SEF) are also involved in visuospatial attentional tasks (Nobre et al, 1997;Coull et al, 1996) and that the thalamus is implicated in sustained attention (PET: Kinomura et al, 1996;Paus et al, 1997).…”

Section: An "Exteroceptive Mental State" (Eyes Open ͼ Eyes Closed)?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye closure in darkness animates sensory systems

et al. 2003

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Single subject and group analyses (n ϭ 12) showed that the eyes-open and eyes-closed states in complete darkness considerably and consistently differ in the patterns of associated brain activation in fMRI. During nonchanging external stimulation, ocular motor and attentional systems were activated when the eyes were open; the visual, somatosensory, vestibular, and auditory systems were activated when the eyes were closed. These data suggest that there are two different states of mental activity: with the eyes closed, an "interoceptive" state characterized by imagination and multisensory activity and with the eyes open, an "exteroceptive" state characterized by attention and ocular motor activity. Our study also shows that the chosen baseline condition may have a considerable impact on activation patterns and on the interpretation of brain activation studies.

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“…De Leon et al (2001) also recently reported that ApoE-ɛ4 carriers without dementia who declined to a diagnosis of AD over a 3-year period showed pronounced metabolic decline longitudinally in the temporo-parietal cortex. Furthermore, regional blood flow in the parietal cortex-but in no other brain region-has been shown to predict years of survival of AD patients (Jagust, Haan, Reed, & Eberling, 1998).Second, the posterior parietal cortex and subcortical structures form a distributed neural network that is involved in attentional shifting (Mesulam, 1981;Posner & Petersen, 1990), as revealed by single-unit studies in monkeys (Bushnell, Goldberg, & Robinson, 1981;Robinson et al, 1995) and human neuroimaging studies (Corbetta et al, 1993). A recent fMRI study found the inferior parietal/superior temporal area to be specifically involved in the disengage component of attentional shifting (Corbetta et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The apolipoprotein E gene, attention, and brain function.

Parasuraman¹,

Greenwood²,

Sunderland³

2002

Neuropsychology

108

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The ɛ4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene is associated with alterations in brain function and is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Changes in components of visuospatial attention with ApoE-ɛ4, aging, and AD are described. Healthy middle-aged adults without dementia who have the ApoE-ɛ4 gene show deficits in spatial attention and working memory that are qualitatively similar to those seen in clinically diagnosed AD patients. The findings support an association between ApoE polymorphism and specific components of visuospatial attention. Molecular mechanisms that may mediate the ApoE-attention link by modulating cholinergic neurotransmission to the posterior parietal cortex are discussed. Studies of attention and brain function in ApoE-ɛ4 carriers without dementia can advance knowledge of the genetics of visual attention, may enhance understanding of the preclinical phase of AD, and may lead to better methods for early AD detection.Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is an amino acid glycoprotein that is important in lipid storage, transport, and metabolism (Mahley, 1988). Although synthesized mainly in the liver, ApoE is also found in the peripheral and central nervous systems, including the brain. ApoE has long been of interest in medicine, but its importance in neuroscience increased dramatically with the identification of the ɛ4 allele of the ApoE gene on chromosome 19 as a major risk factor for the development of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) in older adults Strittmatter et al., 1993). This discovery led to a growing number of studies examining the role of the ApoE gene in normal brain function and cognition, as well as in disorders such as AD, brain injury, and stroke (Higgins, Large, Rupniak, & Barnes, 1997;Horsburgh, McCarron, White, & Nicol, 2000; J. D. Smith, 2000).Polymorphisms of the ApoE gene are associated with significant alterations in brain morphology (Plassman et al., 1997) and cognitive functioning, including attention (Greenwood, Sunderland, Friz, & Parasuraman, 2000) and memory (Bondi et al., 1995). Studies of ApoE may thus reveal information relevant to the genetics of attention and memory in normal individuals. At the same time, such studies may identify cognitive and neural changes that may be characteristic of preclinical stages of AD. In this article, we review the role of the ApoE gene in normal cognition and in the development of deficits indicative of early AD.Currently, no reliable methods exist for the early detection and treatment of AD. New techniques for preventing, slowing the progression of, and treating AD are being urgently sought. Such efforts would be aided considerably if AD could be detected prior to the clinical diagnosis of AD and before irreversible brain changes occur (Daffner & Scinto, 2000). Postmortem studies show that neuropathological changes occur decades before the onset of NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptNeuropsychology. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2006 January 25. Published in final edited form as:Neuropsychology. 2002 April ; ...

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A PET study of visuospatial attention

Cited by 1,439 publications

References 59 publications

Prioritizing new over old: An fMRI study of the preview search task

Prioritizing new over old: An fMRI study of the preview search task

Eye closure in darkness animates sensory systems

The apolipoprotein E gene, attention, and brain function.

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