A permittivity sensitive PLL based on a silicon-integrated capacitive sensor for microwave biosensing applications

Nehring, J.; Bartels, Martin; Weigel, Robert; Kissinger, Dietmar

doi:10.1109/biowireless.2015.7152114

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To understand the working principle of the overall sensor system in detail, the reader should refer to the work in [ 62 ]. Similar PLL based approaches were shown in the work of Nehring et al [ 70 ] and Helmy et al [ 71 ]. In these works as well, the resonant frequency shift sensor was embedded in a PLL.…”

Section: Integrated Microwave Biosensorsupporting

confidence: 70%

A Review on Passive and Integrated Near-Field Microwave Biosensors

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper we review the advancement of passive and integrated microwave biosensors. The interaction of microwave with biological material is discussed in this paper. Passive microwave biosensors are microwave structures, which are fabricated on a substrate and are used for sensing biological materials. On the other hand, integrated biosensors are microwave structures fabricated in standard semiconductor technology platform (CMOS or BiCMOS). The CMOS or BiCMOS sensor technology offers a more compact sensing approach which has the potential in the future for point of care testing systems. Various applications of the passive and the integrated sensors have been discussed in this review paper.

show abstract

Section: Integrated Microwave Biosensorsupporting

confidence: 70%

A Review on Passive and Integrated Near-Field Microwave Biosensors

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For final verification of the concept, the sensor capacitance was swept from 1.1pF to 2.9pF and the frozen code in decimal was analysed using estimated frequency versus capacitance, according to equation (6) in Fig. 7.…”

Section: Fig 6 Simulation Results (Y-axis Represents Counter State Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bottom curve shows the sense frequency counter number of cycles and it is freezing at 49281 binary code, and is clearly lagging behind the reference clock. According to equation (6) the sensing oscillation frequency can be estimated around ~752MHz. Clearly, this change in frequency can be calculated by how far is the frozen code is from all '1s' case (decimal:2 16 ).…”

Section: Fig 2 Capacitance Change Detection Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Guha Demonstrated a dielectric change detection of the material by using an LC-oscillator [4], but there is no frequency detector to measure the change other than passing the sample by through a spectrum analyser, which is only suitable in the lab environment and not for integrated applications. Other researchers [5] [6] have demonstrated frequency modulation by use of an LC-Oscillator, and frequency change detection with a PLL by measuring the control/error voltage deviation and converting this voltage into digital format with an ADC. However, this detection method occupies a large silicon area for the PLL loop filter, and consumes more power due to ADC and axillary circuitry.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A CMOS blood cancer detection sensor based on frequency deviation detection

Nagulapalli

Hayatleh

Barker

et al. 2017

Analog Integr Circ Sig Process

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper proposes a technique to detect Leukaemia (blood cancer) based on the frequency modulation of a relaxation oscillator by changes in the dielectric constant of blood cells. A novel 16-bit frequency detector with a digital output has been proposed to detect the frequency difference between two oscillators based on healthy blood and Leukaemic blood. A circuit has been designed, to operate on a 1.2V supply, post layout simulations shows 0.35mA current consumption. The chip Area including pads~0.6mm * 0.45mm.

show abstract

“…implantable lab-on-chip system [1], [2]. One-port and twoport measurement techniques in microwave and radio frequencies are adopted for dielectric sensing using different read-out approaches like de-embedding S-parameters [1], measuring the phase of transmission co-efficients [3], measuring the phase of reflection co-efficients [4], using dielectric probes [5], sensing resonator based oscillators, synthesizers and PLLs [2], [6], [7]. This paper presents three approaches based on resonator based dielectric sensing techniques: open-stub resonator, shunt-stub resonator and a combination of an open-and a shunt-stub in the K-band.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of microstrip stub resonators for dielectric sensing in low-power K-band VCO

Jamal

Guha

Eissa

et al. 2016

2016 IEEE Topical Conference on Biomedical Wireless Technologies, Networks, and Sensing Systems (BioWireleSS)

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents the design and comparison of three K-band sensing oscillators in standard 0.25 μm SiGe:C BiCMOS technology with featuring an open-stub, shunt-stub and a combination of both. The different stub types are combined with the inductive and capacitive elements of the particular oscillator and serve as the sensing elements in the respective setup. The input impedances of the stubs highly depend on the permittivity of the medium. Therefore, the oscillation frequencies correspond to the dielectric material under test (MUT). The sensors response to different dielectric properties has been investigated using different Methanol-Ethanol solutions The conducted experiments show that the proposed architectures indicate the MUTs permittivity with a maximum frequency shift of 4.3 % for a change in permittivity of 2.4. Each of three sensors has an chip-area of 0.6 mm 2 and consumes less than 12 mW power. The proposed sensor is a potential component for future low-power front-ends to perform minimally invasive investigations of bio-materials.

show abstract

A permittivity sensitive PLL based on a silicon-integrated capacitive sensor for microwave biosensing applications

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

A Review on Passive and Integrated Near-Field Microwave Biosensors

A Review on Passive and Integrated Near-Field Microwave Biosensors

A CMOS blood cancer detection sensor based on frequency deviation detection

Comparison of microstrip stub resonators for dielectric sensing in low-power K-band VCO

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About