A periodontal disease care program for patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

BackgroundDiabetes and periodontitis are interrelated, and patient education and guidance are important. Therefore, we conducted a periodontitis care program for patients with type 2 diabetes to provide education about diabetes and periodontitis and to promote self‐care skills, and we evaluated the effectiveness of this program.MethodsThis was a randomized controlled trial. Thirty‐eight and 39 adult patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were allocated to the intervention and control groups, respectively. The program comprised content that promoted optimal behavior for the improvement of diabetes and periodontitis. Periodontitis status, diabetes status, tumor necrosis factor‐α levels, self‐efficacy in relation to periodontitis, and teeth‐brushing behaviors were evaluated before and after the intervention program.ResultsAfter the intervention program, the intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in bleeding on probing, which was used to evaluate periodontitis status (F=7.919; P<.01), and in clinic visit (F=11.765; P<.01), brushing teeth (F=21.606; P<.01), and meal (F=10.884; P<.01) scores on the Self‐Efficacy Scale for Self‐care among Periodontal Disease Patients; patients in the intervention group also exhibited improvements in dental health‐related behaviors (F=7.141; P<.01).ConclusionsThese results suggest that the intervention program was effective at improving periodontitis, self‐efficacy in relation to periodontitis, and dental health‐related behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Effectiveness of the Oral Care Program&nbsp;in Type 2 Diabetic Elderly Patients with Periodontitis:&nbsp;A Clustered Randomised&nbsp;Controlled Study With 6-month Follow-Up

“…A metaanalysis showed a signi cant reduction of glycated haemoglobin on T2DM patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy using scaling and root planing (SRP) with a minimum of 3-months follow-up. A previous study in Japan found a signi cant improvement of bleeding on probing after 4-time, every 6-8 months dental education program for oral self-care, but did not change in glycated haemoglobin among T2DM patients with periodontitis 12 . Thus, with the current evidence, professional periodontal treatment is required to improve oral health and glycemic control in diabetic patients with periodontitis, and further study needs more follow-up periods 13 .…”

“…However, the reduction of HbA1c level did not meet the target of American Diabetes Association treatment goal that the HbA1c level must be reduced to less than 7.5 in healthy older people 12 . In other previous studies [24][25][26][27] , periodontal therapy in diabetic patients could signi cantly reduce HbA1c levels from 0.29-0.64% in 3-month and 0.2% in 6-month after completion of the therapy 28 . As the combination of lifestyle changes and dental care program also decreased HbA1c (0.29%) after 3-months follow-ups, whereas the HbA1c increased 0.09% in the control group 19 .…”

Assessing the oral health of in-patients with diabetes using a clinical version of the Diabetes Oral Health Assessment Tool© and its association with dental examinations

“…Regarding oral care by nurses (29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34), it has been pointed out that nurses lack knowledge of oral health care (35). And nurses need to know that many patients want to get knowledge about oral health.…”

Impact of risk factor control interventions for smoking cessation and promotion of healthy lifestyles in patients with periodontitis: A systematic review

“…Three publications presented the effect of diabetes control interventions in periodontitis patients (Holmer et al, 2018;Nishihara et al, 2017;Saengtipbovorn & Taneepanichskul, 2015). The interventions mainly consisted of individual lifestyle counsellings including dietary changes and oral health education.…”