A pedestrian's smile and drivers' behavior: When a smile increases careful driving

Guéguen, Nicolas; Eyssartier, Chloé; Meineri, Sébastien

doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2015.12.005

Cited by 51 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, it is often the case that informal communicative cues are employed by traffic participants to further enhance traffic flow and ensure safety on the road for all parties involved (Färber, 2016;. Negotiating traffic, signaling intention, resolving ambiguities, acknowledging the presence of other road users, rebuking transgressions, and even surviving reckless road behavior, are often made possible through use of hand gestures, facial expressions, and eye contact, by motorists, cyclists, and pedestrians alike (Guéguen et al, 2015(Guéguen et al, , 2016Ren et al, 2016;Dey and Terken, 2017;Sucha et al, 2017;Nathanael et al, 2018;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

External Human–Machine Interfaces for Autonomous Vehicle-to-Pedestrian Communication: A Review of Empirical Work

Rouchitsas

Alm

2019

Front. Psychol.

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Interaction between drivers and pedestrians is often facilitated by informal communicative cues, like hand gestures, facial expressions, and eye contact. In the near future, however, when semi-and fully autonomous vehicles are introduced into the traffic system, drivers will gradually assume the role of mere passengers, who are casually engaged in non-driving-related activities and, therefore, unavailable to participate in traffic interaction. In this novel traffic environment, advanced communication interfaces will need to be developed that inform pedestrians of the current state and future behavior of an autonomous vehicle, in order to maximize safety and efficiency for all road users. The aim of the present review is to provide a comprehensive account of empirical work in the field of external human-machine interfaces for autonomous vehicle-topedestrian communication. In the great majority of covered studies, participants clearly benefited from the presence of a communication interface when interacting with an autonomous vehicle. Nevertheless, standardized interface evaluation procedures and optimal interface specifications are still lacking.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

External Human–Machine Interfaces for Autonomous Vehicle-to-Pedestrian Communication: A Review of Empirical Work

Rouchitsas

Alm

2019

Front. Psychol.

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“…Impairments and/or delays in social development and emotion regulation are commonly seen in both individuals with ASD [18,27] and individuals with ADHD [100]. Driving is a largely social task that requires interaction with other drivers and anticipation of other drivers' and road users' behavior to negotiate safely [101,102]. Very few studies have investigated the impact of these social impairments on driving performance in drivers with ASD [46,56] or ADHD [84].…”

Section: Important Gaps and Unanswered Research Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving among Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Bishop¹,

Boe²,

Stavrinos³

et al. 2018

Safety

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Over the past several decades there has been a surge of research on the contextual, biological, and psychological factors associated with transportation safety in adolescence. However, we know much less about the factors contributing to transportation safety among adolescents who do not follow a typical developmental trajectory. Adolescents with developmental disabilities (DD) such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have a wide range of behavioral and psychological deficits that may make the complex task of driving even more challenging. Because these adolescents often retain characteristic symptoms of their disorder into adulthood, it may impede their ability to achieve important milestones during the developmental transition from adolescent to adult. As the motivating force behind autonomous living and employment, the capacity for independent transportation is paramount to an adolescent’s overall success. This critical review will draw from the current body of literature on adolescent drivers with developmental disabilities to determine (1) areas of impairment; (2) safety risk factors; and (3) effective interventions for improving driving safety in this vulnerable population of adolescent drivers between the ages of 15–22. This review will also identify important unanswered research questions, and summarize the current state of the literature.

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“…The interpretation of body language comes into play for drivers most when encountering pedestrians or cyclists and is an essential skill for drivers to possess in order to maintain safety around hazards involving these road users. Guéguena and colleagues (2016) recently found that typically developing drivers were more likely to stop for and drove more slowly approaching a pedestrian who was smiling compared to one not smiling. These findings suggest that non-verbal communication - even something as subtle as a smile - can alter the relationship between drivers and pedestrians.…”

Section: Driving Is Socialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social and Non-social Hazard Response in Drivers with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Bishop

Biasini

Stavrinos

2017

J Autism Dev Disord

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Driving is a complex task that relies on manual, cognitive, visual and social skill. The social demands of driving may be challenging for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) due to known social impairments. This study investigated how drivers with ASD respond to social (e.g., pedestrians) and non-social (e.g., vehicles) hazards in a driving simulator compared to typically developing drivers. Overall, participants responded faster to social hazards than non-social hazards. It was also found that drivers with typical development reacted faster to social hazards, while drivers with ASD showed no difference in reaction time to social versus non-social hazards. Future work should further investigate how social impairments in ASD may affect driving safety.

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A pedestrian's smile and drivers' behavior: When a smile increases careful driving

Cited by 51 publications

References 28 publications

External Human–Machine Interfaces for Autonomous Vehicle-to-Pedestrian Communication: A Review of Empirical Work

External Human–Machine Interfaces for Autonomous Vehicle-to-Pedestrian Communication: A Review of Empirical Work

Driving among Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Social and Non-social Hazard Response in Drivers with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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