A Partially Complete Skeleton of <i>Hippidion Saldiasi</i> Roth, 1899 (Mammalia: Perissodactyla) from the Late Pleistocene of the High Andes in Northern Chile

Labarca, Rafael; Francisco, Jesús; Villavicencio, Natalia A.; Capriles, José M.; Briones, Esteban; Latorre, Claudio; Santoro, Calógero M.

doi:10.1080/02724634.2020.1862132

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…For example, two large living canids with wide distribution in different environments were recorded at 3000 m asl (Canis lupus; Boitani et al, 2018) and 5300 m asl (Cuon alpinus; Kamler et al, 2015). Several findings suggest that large megaherbivores were also able to adapt to high altitudes during the Pleistocene (Hofstetter, 1986;Labarca et al, 2021;Marshall et al, 1983;-First record of the genus Aenocyon in Chile (e2190785-13) Martínez et al, 2004;Shockey et al, 2009;Villavicencio & Werderlin, 2018). Another potential route of dispersion over the Andes could be at north Patagonia and/or central Chile and Argentina (Araucanía/Los Lagos and Neuquén and Mendoza provinces, respectively), where there are lower ways through the Andean range (<3000 m asl) (see Moreno et al, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First record of cf. Aenocyon dirus (Leidy, 1858) (Carnivora, Canidae), from the Upper Pleistocene of the Atacama Desert, northern Chile

Francisco

Labarca

Prevosti

et al. 2022

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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Fossil records of canids are rare and incomplete in South America. In Chile, all well-identified taxa are part of the "South American Canid Clade" and come from sites located in southern Patagonia. Here, we report the first record for Chile of a taxon of the "Canis clade," assigned to cf. Aenocyon dirus. The fossil remains consist of a partially complete left hind limb, exposed by aeolian deflation, which facilitated its discovery at an isolated setting in Quebrada Maní, named QM38 site, in the southern sector of the Pampa del Tamarugal basin, part of the hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert, northern Chile. Measurements of the fossil are larger than the Protocyon troglodytes, falling in the smaller size range of A. dirus and within the larger range of Theriodictis platensis. Its morphological features compared with bone references of large extinct canids show that the fossil belongs to a small-sized Aenocyon. The remains occur in surface silty clays deposited by an alluvial fan that was active in the Pampa del Tamarugal basin in the Late Pleistocene. A radiocarbon date from bone apatite yielded an age of 14,660 cal years BP, placing it within the first half of the Central Andean Pluvial Event when this basin was wetter, well vegetated, and inhabited by large, medium, and small herbivores. No other large predator records are known from this basin, and our find affords a more complete view of this ecosystem which thrived in the hyperarid core of the Atacama during the Late Pleistocene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First record of cf. Aenocyon dirus (Leidy, 1858) (Carnivora, Canidae), from the Upper Pleistocene of the Atacama Desert, northern Chile

Francisco

Labarca

Prevosti

et al. 2022

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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“…Hippidion saldiasi , Roth, 1899 [ 105 ] (p2, Museo Nacional de La Plata). This is a Late Pleistocene species, dated between 12,000 and 10,000 years BP, mostly known from Argentinian and Chilean Patagonia, with records in Central Chile and the Atacama Desert [ 98 , 106 ]. The last records for the species were radiocarbon dated between 12,110 and 9870 BP in Southern Patagonia (Cerro Bombero, Argentina [ 107 ]) and Cueva Lago Sofía, Chile [ 108 ].…”

Section: Systematics Of the Equinae Since 53 Ma In North Central And ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the Family Equidae, Subfamily Equinae, in North, Central and South America, Eurasia and Africa during the Plio-Pleistocene

Cirilli

Machado

Arroyo-Cabrales

et al. 2022

Biology

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Studies of horse evolution arose during the middle of the 19th century, and several hypotheses have been proposed for their taxonomy, paleobiogeography, paleoecology and evolution. The present contribution represents a collaboration of 19 multinational experts with the goal of providing an updated summary of Pliocene and Pleistocene North, Central and South American, Eurasian and African horses. At the present time, we recognize 114 valid species across these continents, plus 4 North African species in need of further investigation. Our biochronology and biogeography sections integrate Equinae taxonomic records with their chronologic and geographic ranges recognizing regional biochronologic frameworks. The paleoecology section provides insights into paleobotany and diet utilizing both the mesowear and light microscopic methods, along with calculation of body masses. We provide a temporal sequence of maps that render paleoclimatic conditions across these continents integrated with Equinae occurrences. These records reveal a succession of extinctions of primitive lineages and the rise and diversification of more modern taxa. Two recent morphological-based cladistic analyses are presented here as competing hypotheses, with reference to molecular-based phylogenies. Our contribution represents a state-of-the art understanding of Plio-Pleistocene Equus evolution, their biochronologic and biogeographic background and paleoecological and paleoclimatic contexts.

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“…While we can speculate a bit about the feeding behavior for some of these taxa by observing closely related species still living today, this is not the case, for example, for Machrauchenia and giant ground sloths, therefore it is hard to assess and dismiss their possible role as seed dispersers. Giant sloths, horses and proboscideans, among other extinct megafauna had high-Andean distributions during the Pleistocene [ 17 , 18 ] late Pleistocene [ 19 , 20 ] and further back in the Pliocene (e.g. Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Far from dismantled: Reply to “dispersal syndromes of Vachellia caven” by Velasco et al., 2023

Root-Bernstein,

Guerrero-Gatica,

Villavicencio

2024

Heliyon

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A Partially Complete Skeleton of Hippidion Saldiasi Roth, 1899 (Mammalia: Perissodactyla) from the Late Pleistocene of the High Andes in Northern Chile

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

First record of cf. Aenocyon dirus (Leidy, 1858) (Carnivora, Canidae), from the Upper Pleistocene of the Atacama Desert, northern Chile

First record of cf. Aenocyon dirus (Leidy, 1858) (Carnivora, Canidae), from the Upper Pleistocene of the Atacama Desert, northern Chile

Evolution of the Family Equidae, Subfamily Equinae, in North, Central and South America, Eurasia and Africa during the Plio-Pleistocene

Far from dismantled: Reply to “dispersal syndromes of Vachellia caven” by Velasco et al., 2023

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