A partial life cycle assessment of the greenhouse gas mitigation potential of feeding 3-nitrooxypropanol and nitrate to cattle

Alvarez-Hess, P.S.; Little, Shannan M.; Moate, Peter J.; Jacobs, J. L.; Beauchemin, K. A.; Eckard, Richard

doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2018.11.008

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Therefore, scenario 2 showed the greatest net reduction of GHG emissions, which was reduced by 1.15 and 1.89% more compared to scenarios 1 and 3, respectively. These results were lower than the reduction rates estimated by Alvarez-Hess et al [38] who reported that the GHG emissions went down from 1.21 kg CO 2 e kg ECM −1 (baseline) to 1.13 (a reduction of 6.61%) and 1.10 (a reduction of 9.09%) kg CO 2 e kg ECM −1 when nitrate was fed at a rate of 21 g/kg DM to lactating cows only and to the entire herd, respectively. Alvarez-Hess et al [38] used an average reduction rate of 23% for CH 4 emissions with supplementing nitrate, while we assumed enteric CH 4 emissions were decreased by 20.4% for lactating cows and 10.1% for dairy cows under other growing stages without affecting milk production when the nitrate was fed at a rate of 16.7 g kg of DM −1 and the DMI of 11.1 kg day −1 .…”

Section: Nitratecontrasting

confidence: 73%

“…The study also investigated the GHG emissions from two dairy farms in Australia and the reductions in GHG emissions compared to their baseline were 14.4 to 14.7%, when 3NOP was fed for 300 days of lactation (86 mg/kg DM). The net reductions of GHG emissions in California dairy farms were lower than estimated by Alvarez-Hess et al [ 38 ] mainly because in California, CH 4 from manure management is greater compared to Canadian and Australian conditions, therefore, the overall effect of 3NOP was slightly diluted.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…The small change in mitigation effect of GHG emissions in 3NOP scenario 2 compared to scenario 1 was due to less effectiveness of 3NOP on non-lactating cattle and relatively shorter period spent in non-productive phase ( Table 1 ). The GHG emissions estimated from groups supplemented with 3NOP at 86 mg kg DM −1 based on two Canadian dairy farms were 1.03 (fed 3NOP during lactations only) and 0.98 kg (fed 3NOP to entire herd) CO 2 e kg ECM −1 which was a reduction of 14.9% and 19.0% compared to their baseline, respectively [ 38 ]. The study also investigated the GHG emissions from two dairy farms in Australia and the reductions in GHG emissions compared to their baseline were 14.4 to 14.7%, when 3NOP was fed for 300 days of lactation (86 mg/kg DM).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Gerber et al [ 39 ] reported the GHG emissions in North America to be 1.20 kg CO 2 e kg ECM −1 and Thoma et al [ 40 ] reported 1.23 kg CO 2 e kg ECM −1 . In Canada, Guyader et al [ 41 ] reported the GHG emissions varied from 1.18 to 1.52 kg CO 2 e kg ECM −1 for a dairy farm and Alvarez-Hess et al [ 38 ] reported 1.21 kg CO 2 e kg ECM −1 , but in two Australian dairy farms the authors reported 1.09 and 0.97 kg CO 2 e kg ECM −1 , respectively, which were lower than the value estimated in the present study. Enteric CH 4 and manure management are the major sources of GHG emissions in the dairy sector [ 40 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Net reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from feed additive use in California dairy cattle

Feng

Kebreab

2020

PLoS ONE

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The livestock industry is one of the main contributors to greenhouse gas emissions and there is an increasing demand for the industry to reduce its carbon footprint. Several studies have shown that feed additives 3-nitroxypropanol and nitrate to be effective in reducing enteric methane emissions. The objective of this study was to estimate the net mitigating effect of using 3-nitroxypropanol and nitrate on total greenhouse gas emissions in California dairy industry. A life cycle assessment approach was used to conduct a cradle-to-farm gate environmental impact analysis based on dairy production system in California. Emissions associated with crop production, feed additive production, enteric methane, farm management, and manure storage were calculated and expressed as kg CO 2 equivalents (CO 2 e) per kg of energy corrected milk. The total greenhouse gas emissions from baseline, 3-nitroxypropanol and nitrate offered during lactation were 1.12, 0.993, and 1.08 kg CO 2 e/kg energy corrected milk, respectively. The average net reduction rates for 3-nitroxypropanol and nitrate were 11.7% and 3.95%, respectively. In both cases, using the feed additives on the whole herd slightly improved overall carbon footprint reduction compared to limiting its use during lactation phase. Although both 3-nitroxypropanol and nitrate had effects on decreasing the total greenhouse gas emission, the former was much more effective with no known safety issues in reducing the carbon footprint of dairy production in California.

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Section: Nitratecontrasting

confidence: 73%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Net reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from feed additive use in California dairy cattle

Feng

Kebreab

2020

PLoS ONE

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“…To decrease the latter enteric source of greenhouse gas emission, various dietary supplements with a potential inhibiting effect on ruminal methanogenesis have been tested. 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) is one of the most effective dietary supplements that was tested for cattle (e.g., Hristov et al, 2015), and may also be economically beneficial (Alvarez-Hess et al, 2019). The mode of action of 3-NOP was elucidated to be the inhibition of methyl co-enzyme-M reductase (MCR), with clear indications that NO -2 can be metabolized from 3-NOP and inhibit methanogenesis by blocking MCR activity as well (Duin et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibited Methanogenesis in the Rumen of Cattle: Microbial Metabolism in Response to Supplemental 3-Nitrooxypropanol and Nitrate

et al. 2021

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3-Nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) supplementation to cattle diets mitigates enteric CH4 emissions and may also be economically beneficial at farm level. However, the wider rumen metabolic response to methanogenic inhibition by 3-NOP and the NO2- intermediary metabolite requires further exploration. Furthermore, NO3- supplementation potently decreases CH4 emissions from cattle. The reduction of NO3- utilizes H2 and yields NO2-, the latter of which may also inhibit rumen methanogens, although a different mode of action than for 3-NOP and its NO2- derivative was hypothesized. Our objective was to explore potential responses of the fermentative and methanogenic metabolism in the rumen to 3-NOP, NO3- and their metabolic derivatives using a dynamic mechanistic modeling approach. An extant mechanistic rumen fermentation model with state variables for carbohydrate substrates, bacteria and protozoa, gaseous and dissolved fermentation end products and methanogens was extended with a state variable of either 3-NOP or NO3-. Both new models were further extended with a NO2- state variable, with NO2- exerting methanogenic inhibition, although the modes of action of 3-NOP-derived and NO3--derived NO2- are different. Feed composition and intake rate (twice daily feeding regime), and supplement inclusion were used as model inputs. Model parameters were estimated to experimental data collected from the literature. The extended 3-NOP and NO3- models both predicted a marked peak in H2 emission shortly after feeding, the magnitude of which increased with higher doses of supplement inclusion. The H2 emission rate appeared positively related to decreased acetate proportions and increased propionate and butyrate proportions. A decreased CH4 emission rate was associated with 3-NOP and NO3- supplementation. Omission of the NO2- state variable from the 3-NOP model did not change the overall dynamics of H2 and CH4 emission and other metabolites. However, omitting the NO2- state variable from the NO3- model did substantially change the dynamics of H2 and CH4 emissions indicated by a decrease in both H2 and CH4 emission after feeding. Simulations do not point to a strong relationship between methanogenic inhibition and the rate of NO3- and NO2- formation upon 3-NOP supplementation, whereas the metabolic response to NO3- supplementation may largely depend on methanogenic inhibition by NO2-.

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Life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emission from the dairy production system — review

Singaravadivelan,

Sachin,

Harikumar

et al. 2023

Trop Anim Health Prod

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A partial life cycle assessment of the greenhouse gas mitigation potential of feeding 3-nitrooxypropanol and nitrate to cattle

Cited by 22 publications

References 45 publications

Net reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from feed additive use in California dairy cattle

Net reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from feed additive use in California dairy cattle

Inhibited Methanogenesis in the Rumen of Cattle: Microbial Metabolism in Response to Supplemental 3-Nitrooxypropanol and Nitrate

Life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emission from the dairy production system — review

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