A Parallel Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm Based on Crossover Operation

New approaches to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of shallow foundations based on artificial neural networks and ant colony optimization

“…Some parallel implementations of ant algorithms exist in the literature (Bolondi and Bondanza, 1993;Krüger et al, 1998;Michel and Middendorf, 1998;Stützle, 1998;Talbi et al, 1999;Middendorf et al, 2000;Delisle et al, 2001). One of the newest approaches is the parallel ACO (PACO) algorithm which was proposed by Kalinli and Sarikoc (2009).…”

“…Therefore, the parallelism used in this work is synchronous. Details of the PACO algorithm can be found in Kalinli and Sarikoc (2009).…”

“…The PACO algorithm used in this study is the one described in Kalinli and Sarikoc (2009). Initial solutions are produced by a random number generator.…”