A One-Dimensional Entraining/Detraining Plume Model and Its Application in Convective Parameterization

Kain, John S.; Fritsch, J. Michael

doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1990)047<2784:aodepm>2.0.co;2

Cited by 1,794 publications

(1,055 citation statements)

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“…The top pressure level of the experimental domain is set at 50 hPa with 40 vertical levels extending to the ground surface. The WRF Model physics options used in this study include schemes of the WRF single-moment 3-class microphysics (Hong et al 2004), the Rapid Radiative Transfer Model for longwave radiation (Mlawer et al 1997), the Dudhia shortwave radiation (Dudhia 1989), the MM5 similarity surface layer, the Noah land surface model (Chen and Dudhia 2001), the Yonsei University (YSU) planetary boundary layer (Hong et al 2006), and the Kain-Fritsch cumulus parameterization (Kain and Fritsch 1990). 1800 UTC 10 June to 1800 UTC 15 June 2009.…”

Section: Model Configurations and Experiments Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical Precipitation Downscaling for Hydrologic Applications Using WRF 4D-Var Data Assimilation: Implications for GPM Era

Lin

Ebtehaj

Bras

et al. 2015

Journal of Hydrometeorology

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The objective of this study is to develop a framework for dynamically downscaling spaceborne precipitation products using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model with four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-Var). Numerical experiments have been conducted to 1) understand the sensitivity of precipitation downscaling through point-scale precipitation data assimilation and 2) investigate the impact of seasonality and associated changes in precipitation-generating mechanisms on the quality of spatiotemporal downscaling of precipitation. The point-scale experiment suggests that assimilating precipitation can significantly affect the precipitation analysis, forecast, and downscaling. Because of occasional overestimation or underestimation of small-scale summertime precipitation extremes, the numerical experiments presented here demonstrate that the wintertime assimilation produces downscaled precipitation estimates that are in closer agreement with the reference National Centers for Environmental Prediction stage IV dataset than similar summertime experiments. This study concludes that the WRF 4D-Var system is able to effectively downscale a 6-h precipitation product with a spatial resolution of 20 km to hourly precipitation with a spatial resolution of less than 10 km in grid spacingrelevant to finescale hydrologic applications for the era of the Global Precipitation Measurement mission.

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Section: Model Configurations and Experiments Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical Precipitation Downscaling for Hydrologic Applications Using WRF 4D-Var Data Assimilation: Implications for GPM Era

Lin

Ebtehaj

Bras

et al. 2015

Journal of Hydrometeorology

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“…The scheme is based on Lin et al (1983), Murakami (1990), and Murakami et al (1994). The Kain-Fritsch convection scheme (Kain and Fritsch 1990;Kain 2004;Kato et al 2010) is included as a cumulus scheme. For a planetary boundary layer scheme, the Mellor-Yamada-NakanishiNiino Level 3 scheme (Nakanishi and Niino 2004) are employed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Summertime Temperature Extremes over Japan in the Late 21st Century Projected by a High-Resolution Regional Climate Model

Murata¹,

Nakano

Kanada

et al. 2012

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Future changes in summertime temperature extremes over Japan are projected by a well-developed regional climate model (RCM) with a spatial resolution of 5 km. The performance of the RCM with respect to temperature in the present climate is evaluated first based on observations. Although the di¤erences in the biases (from observations) of daily temperatures between the RCM and the driving atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulations are not statistically significant, root-mean-square errors (from observations) in daily mean and minimum temperatures reproduced by the RCM are smaller than those by the AGCM with a coarser spatial resolution. These results indicate that RCM with a higher spatial resolution has better performance than the driving AGCM in simulating temperature variability. A test of whether the RCM can capture temperature extremes reveals a good quantitative agreement between simulated and observed values in appearance frequency of extreme high temperature for the daily minimum temperature during July and August. The spatial pattern of the upper tail of the frequency distribution for the daily maximum temperature is also in good agreement with observations, although the model values are underestimated.Projected changes for extremely high daily minimum temperature are relatively large in July on the lee side of the Hidaka Mountains, southeast of Hokkaido. This finding can be explained by the foehn phenomenon: changes in the windward Froude number indicate that atmospheric conditions in the future climate are more favorable for the intensification of foehn. In terms of extremely high daily maximum temperature, the di¤erence between the present-day and future climates during August is relatively large over the Tama area, west of Tokyo. Although the foehn phenomenon is not solely responsible for the projected changes, the phenomenon can explain the projected changes when westerly winds prevail over the Tama area, located on the lee side of the Kanto Mountains.

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“…The RCA3 lateral boundary relaxation scheme and the convective parameterization are after Davies [1976] and Kain and Fritsch [1990] respectively.…”

Section: Model Setup and Methods Of Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional model simulation of North Atlantic cyclones: Present climate and idealized response to increased sea surface temperature

Semmler¹,

Varghese²,

McGrath³

et al. 2008

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] The influence of an increased sea surface temperature (SST) on the frequency and intensity of cyclones over the North Atlantic is investigated using two data sets from simulations with the Rossby Centre regional climate model RCA3. The model domain comprises large parts of the North Atlantic and the adjacent continents. RCA3 is driven by reanalysis data for May to December 1985-2000 at the lateral and lower boundaries, using SST and lateral boundary temperatures. A realistic interannual variation in tropical storm and hurricane counts is simulated. In an idealized sensitivity experiment, SSTs and boundary condition temperatures at all levels are increased by 1 K to ensure that we can distinguish the SST from other factors influencing the development of cyclones. An increase in the count of strong hurricanes is simulated. There is not much change in the location of hurricanes. Generally weaker changes are seen in the extratropical region and for the less extreme events. Increases of 9% in the count of extratropical cyclones and 39% in the count of tropical cyclones with wind speeds of at least 18 m/s are found.

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A One-Dimensional Entraining/Detraining Plume Model and Its Application in Convective Parameterization

Cited by 1,794 publications

References 0 publications

Dynamical Precipitation Downscaling for Hydrologic Applications Using WRF 4D-Var Data Assimilation: Implications for GPM Era

Dynamical Precipitation Downscaling for Hydrologic Applications Using WRF 4D-Var Data Assimilation: Implications for GPM Era

Summertime Temperature Extremes over Japan in the Late 21st Century Projected by a High-Resolution Regional Climate Model

Regional model simulation of North Atlantic cyclones: Present climate and idealized response to increased sea surface temperature

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