A numerical study of hypothetical storm surge and coastal inundation for AILA cyclone in the Bay of Bengal

Gayathri, R.; Murty, P.L.N.; Bhaskaran, Prasad K.; Kumar, T. Srinivasa

doi:10.1007/s10652-015-9434-z

Cited by 76 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Also, the beach erosion was very severe on Ramkrishna beach, with a net sand volume of about 1457 m 3 lost over a stretch of 14 km (Hani et al, 2015). From the literature review, it is evident that most of the storm surge studies carried out for the Indian coast used stand-alone models (Rao et al, 2013a;Bhaskaran et al, 2014;Gayathri et al, 2015Gayathri et al, , 2016Dhana Lakshmi et al, 2017). A comprehensive review on the coastal inundation research and an overview of the processes for the Indian coast was reported by Gayathri et al (2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

Wave–current interaction during Hudhud cyclone in the Bay of Bengal

Volvaiker¹,

Vethamony²,

Antony³

et al. 2017

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The present work describes the interaction between waves and currents utilizing a coupled ADCIRC+SWAN model for the very severe cyclonic storm Hudhud, which made landfall at Visakhapatnam on the east coast of India in October 2014. Model-computed wave and surge heights were validated with measurements near the landfall point. The Holland model reproduced the maximum wind speed of ≈ 54 m s −1 with the minimum pressure of 950 hPa. The modelled maximum surge of 1.2 m matches with the maximum surge of 1.4 m measured off Visakhapatnam. The two-way coupling with SWAN showed that waves contributed ≈ 0.25 m to the total water level during the Hudhud event. At the landfall point near Visakhapatnam, the East India Coastal Current speed increased from 0.5 to 1.8 m s −1 for a short duration (≈ 6 h) with net flow towards the south, and thereafter reversed towards the north. An increase of ≈ 0.2 m in H s was observed with the inclusion of model currents. It was also observed that when waves travelled perpendicular to the coast after crossing the shelf area, with current towards the southwest, wave heights were reduced due to wave-current interaction; however, an increase in wave height was observed on the left side of the track, when waves and currents opposed each other.

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confidence: 99%

Wave–current interaction during Hudhud cyclone in the Bay of Bengal

Volvaiker¹,

Vethamony²,

Antony³

et al. 2017

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…The eddy viscosity, minimum water depth, and bottom friction coefficient were set to 2.0 m 2 s −1 , 0.05 m, and 0.0028 respectively. The parametrizations were chosen based on either sensitivity experiments or using a previous study (Gayathri et al, 2016) for the same region. Initially the model was executed in a cold-start mode with a spin-up time of 60 days, following which simulations were made for the whole year of 2014 with tidal forcing at the open ocean boundary.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tidal asymmetry and characteristics of tides at the head of the Bay of Bengal

Rose

Bhaskaran

2017

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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The Advanced Circulation (ADCIRC) hydrodynamic model has been utilized to report on the tidal characteristics and asymmetry for the head Bay of Bengal region and validated against limited available observations. The study investigates spatial and temporal variability of tides using the techniques of wavelet and time‐series analysis at various locations, with special emphasis on major rivers Hooghly and Meghna. Tidal asymmetry with flood dominance was found to increase steadily upstream due to nonlinear energy transfer from principal components to higher harmonics. The low water‐levels were increased upstream implying that attenuation by frictional dissipation dominates, over amplification due to channel convergence. Shallow water and mild depth gradient were discerned to be requisite factors in generating long‐period nonlinear tides, and they have been found to amplify in concave deltaic regions where tides are funnelled. Additionally, spring‐neap variations in bottom friction caused low water‐level to occur during neap rather than spring tide along upper reaches of the tide‐dominated rivers, leading to the formation of a forced fortnightly tide. It is notable that a fortnightly tidal component manifests itself even in the absence of river discharge input, contrary to common conception, indicating that shallow water interaction and coastal geomorphology alone can cause fortnightly dominance in tidal rivers. A weak monthly tidal component was also observed in the tidal rivers and the study proposes that it originates due to frictional modulation of monthly lunar tides. Dominance and amplification of long‐period nonlinear tides in wide, convergent rivers may be attributed to resonance effects, in addition to effects of shoaling topography and convergent channel geometry.

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“…The mangrove‐dominated Ganges Delta – the Sundarbans located in the head Bay region along east coast of India is a complex ecosystem comprising one of the three largest single tracts of mangrove forests in the world. None of the numerical studies (Dube et al ., ; Gayathri et al ., ; Patra and Bhaskaran, ) reported in this region have considered the impact of mangroves on waves. Therefore, this paper attempts a numerical study on the seasonal wave attenuation characteristics in mangrove forest of Indian Sundarbans for a continuous period of one year using third‐generation wave models (WAM and SWAN).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter‐seasonal variability of wind‐waves and their attenuation characteristics by mangroves in a reversing wind system

Parvathy

Umesh

Bhaskaran

2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The mutual interaction between surface gravity waves and vegetation such as mangroves using numerical wave models can provide better location specific wave forecasts having practical implications in the overall development of better near-shore wave climatology. Sundarban delta bordering the head Bay of Bengal is the largest mangrove forest in the world, and the present study reports on inter-seasonal variability of wave damping in presence of mangroves that thrive on a region dominated by seasonal reversing wind field. It aims to understand relative wave attenuation characteristics during a period of one year over this region that experiences a seasonal reversal of wind system. The study considers a multi-scale nested modelling approach to account for distant swells that propagate from Southern Ocean reaching various destinations in the North Indian Ocean region. The model was forced using 0.25 ∘ × 0.25 ∘ spatial resolution 6-hourly ECMWF ERA-Interim winds for coarse grid WAM and SWAN runs, and NCDC blended winds with a similar spatial and temporal resolution was used to force SWAN model executed in a flexible unstructured mesh. To avoid model uncertainties of providing wind from two different sources, the wind data of same temporal and spatial resolution has been adopted. The present study quantifies relative rate of wave energy dissipation for monthly and seasonal scales such as pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon periods by analysing characteristic variation of wave parameters and their spectral energy in presence of mangroves. The study has put forth an effort to validate model results against altimeter measurements and ERA-Interim data, as no actual measurements are available to validate model results simulated in the presence of mangroves. This study solely emphasizes on role of reversing wind system on relative wave attenuation characteristics and highlights the importance of a more detailed investigation to ascertain impact of varying vegetation parameters on wave attenuation characteristics.

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A numerical study of hypothetical storm surge and coastal inundation for AILA cyclone in the Bay of Bengal

Cited by 76 publications

References 23 publications

Wave–current interaction during Hudhud cyclone in the Bay of Bengal

Wave–current interaction during Hudhud cyclone in the Bay of Bengal

Tidal asymmetry and characteristics of tides at the head of the Bay of Bengal

Inter‐seasonal variability of wind‐waves and their attenuation characteristics by mangroves in a reversing wind system

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