Wave–current interaction during Hudhud cyclone in the Bay of Bengal

Abstract

Abstract. The present work describes the interaction between waves and currents utilizing a coupled ADCIRC+SWAN model for the very severe cyclonic storm Hudhud, which made landfall at Visakhapatnam on the east coast of India in October 2014. Model-computed wave and surge heights were validated with measurements near the landfall point. The Holland model reproduced the maximum wind speed of ≈ 54 m s −1 with the minimum pressure of 950 hPa. The modelled maximum surge of 1.2 m matches with the maximum surge of 1.4 m measured off Visakhapatnam. The two-way coupling with SWAN showed that waves contributed ≈ 0.25 m to the total water level during the Hudhud event. At the landfall point near Visakhapatnam, the East India Coastal Current speed increased from 0.5 to 1.8 m s −1 for a short duration (≈ 6 h) with net flow towards the south, and thereafter reversed towards the north. An increase of ≈ 0.2 m in H s was observed with the inclusion of model currents. It was also observed that when waves travelled perpendicular to the coast after crossing the shelf area, with current towards the southwest, wave heights were reduced due to wave-current interaction; however, an increase in wave height was observed on the left side of the track, when waves and currents opposed each other.

Wave–current-surge interaction in a changing climate over a shallow continental shelf region

“…Simulated results decipher that the southeast coast of India was worst affected by extreme waves being at the right of the Madi track. An interesting study by Samiksha et al (2017) investigated the wave-current interaction using a coupled ADCIRC+SWAN model for a very severe cyclonic storm Hudhud that made landfall at Visakhapatnam on the east coast of India during October 2014. This location is north of the present study area that investigated the wavecurrent-surge interaction associated with cyclone Madi (2013).…”

“…This location is north of the present study area that investigated the wavecurrent-surge interaction associated with cyclone Madi (2013). In addition, Samiksha et al (2017) validated model computed wave and storm surge heights with measurements near Visakhapatnam, the landfall point. The coupled model computed maximum surge height was 1.2 m that matched well with the maximum surge height of 1.4 m measured off Visakhapatnam.…”

“…Several studies have investigated the extreme wave characteristics over the North Indian Ocean region. Some of the studies include Bhaskaran et al (2000Bhaskaran et al ( , 2004Bhaskaran et al ( , 2013aBhaskaran et al ( ,b, 2015, Bhaskaran (2010Bhaskaran ( , 2019, Gayathri et al (2015Gayathri et al ( , 2016, Gupta et al (2015Gupta et al ( , 2017, Murty et al (2016Murty et al ( , 2019Murty et al ( , 2020, Nayak et al (2012Nayak et al ( , 2013, Nayak and Bhaskaran (2014), Padhy et al (2008), Patra and Bhaskaran (2016a,b), Patra et al (2019), Poulose et al (2017), Samiksha et al (2017) and Umesh et al (2019). Literature survey provides no background studies that links impact of climate change on coastal hydrodynamics for the shallow shelf region between India and Sri Lanka.…”

Extreme water levels along the central Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia: processes and frequency analysis

“…Wave setup refers to the increase in water level due to the presence of breaking waves (Nielsen,1988) and it has been shown to be an important contributor to extreme water levels during storm events (Murty et al, 2014;Samiksha et al, 2017;Krien et al, 2017). Previous studies have reported that wave setup can be significant over fringing reefs with a steep fore reef (e.g., Vetter et al, 2010).…”

Impact analysis of dynamical downscaling on the treatment of convection in a regional NWP model – COSMO: a case study during the passage of a very severe cyclonic storm OCKHI

“…Convection process brings about atmospheric stability and is a driving factor in the vertical redistribution of energy (Tost et al, 2006;Martinez-Castro et al, 2016). Deep convection is considered as a significant source of precipitation in many regions of the world and is known to be a leading cause of extreme events such as flash floods and landslides through heavy precipitation associated with mesoscale convective systems, squall lines, wave current interactions and tropical cyclones (Prein et al, 2015;Samiksha et al, 2017). Therefore, it is evident that the adequate representation of convection in NWP models is one of the essential components for accurate quantitative precipitation forecasts (Tost et al, 2006;Kuell and Bott, 2008;Plant, 2010).…”