A numerical model of tree aerodynamic response to a turbulent airflow

Sellier, Damien; Brunet, Yves; Fourcaud, Thierry

doi:10.1093/forestry/cpn024

Cited by 77 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…To date, it has not been finally clarified how wind and trees interact during a storm event. Field studies carried out in order to gain deeper insights into wind-forest tree interactions (e.g., Mayer 1987Mayer , 1989Gardiner 1995;Peltola 1996;Rudnicki et al 2001;Schindler 2008;Sellier et al 2008;Schindler et al 2010) normally suffer from the fact that they were carried out under wind conditions far below damage-triggering wind characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GIS-based estimation of the winter storm damage probability in forests: a case study from Baden-Wuerttemberg (Southwest Germany)

Schindler

Grebhan

Albrecht³

et al. 2011

Int J Biometeorol

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Data on storm damage attributed to the two high-impact winter storms 'Wiebke' (28 February 1990) and 'Lothar' (26 December 1999) were used for GIS-based estimation and mapping (in a 50 × 50 m resolution grid) of the winter storm damage probability (P(DAM)) for the forests of the German federal state of Baden-Wuerttemberg (Southwest Germany). The P(DAM)-calculation was based on weights of evidence (WofE) methodology. A combination of information on forest type, geology, soil type, soil moisture regime, and topographic exposure, as well as maximum gust wind speed field was used to compute P(DAM) across the entire study area. Given the condition that maximum gust wind speed during the two storm events exceeded 35 m s(-1), the highest P(DAM) values computed were primarily where coniferous forest grows in severely exposed areas on temporarily moist soils on bunter sandstone formations. Such areas are found mainly in the mountainous ranges of the northern Black Forest, the eastern Forest of Odes, in the Virngrund area, and in the southwestern Alpine Foothills.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GIS-based estimation of the winter storm damage probability in forests: a case study from Baden-Wuerttemberg (Southwest Germany)

Schindler

Grebhan

Albrecht³

et al. 2011

Int J Biometeorol

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“…As a draw-back, reconfiguration also changes the velocity and turbulence characteristics of the flow-field. For steady conditions, this eventually leads towards a balance between resisting forces of the plant and acting forces by the flow (Sellier et al, 2008). This change in flow characteristics affects the downstream plants in a community, modifies sediment erosion and deposition patterns, and causes morphological changes.…”

Section: Principles Of Flow-vegetation-sediment Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation and hydraulic-morphological interactions at the individual plant, patch and channel scale

Schnauder

Moggridge

2009

Aquat. Sci.

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Interactions between vegetation, flow and sediment are a key ingredient for the development of vegetated islands in highly dynamic, fluvial alpine ecosystems such as the Tagliamento River, north-east Italy. There has been substantial research on factors influencing the establishment of vegetation and feedback mechanisms between vegetation, hydraulic, and geomorphological processes in such environments. This has yielded the development of conceptual models identifying different trajectories of vegetation and landform development from bare gravel to established floodplain forest. Nevertheless, some of the finer-scale processes underpinning such interactions are not well understood and parameterisation concepts that augment our knowledge from process understanding to quantified data and prediction models are not available until now. This paper identifies mechanisms and parameters of vegetationflow interaction at the individual scale that are reflected at a patch or even at the channel scale. These mechanisms are reviewed from a multi-disciplinary perspective and concepts and analogies are proposed that provide ideas to progress research towards the development of predictive vegetationflow models. Such models must incorporate both hydraulic and ecological components and this is demonstrated for a simplified force-bending model of Salicaceae seedlings. The development of such models demands advances in the individual disciplines of hydraulics, morphology, plant ecology and biomechanics, which offers many possibilities for multidisciplinary research between these disciplines.

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“…In doing so, post-event analyses are complemented by fundamental experimental (Mayer 1987;Gardiner 1992;Schindler 2008) and model-based (Moore and Maguire 2008;Sellier et al model-based approaches, semi-mechanistic models such as ForestGALES (Gardiner et al 2000), HWIND (Peltola et al 1999), and FOREOLE (Ancelin et al 2004) can be distinguished from statistical (empirical) models. Although semi-mechanistic models are useful tools with which to characterise and investigate physical (component) processes, major drawbacks of the current versions are the need for a large number of input parameters, and the rather expensive parameterisation for particular data sets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the wind damage probability in forests in Southwestern Germany for the 1999 winter storm ‘Lothar’

et al. 2009

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The wind damage probability (P (DAM)) in the forests in the federal state of Baden-Wuerttemberg (Southwestern Germany) was calculated using weights of evidence (WofE) methodology and a logistic regression model (LRM) after the winter storm 'Lothar' in December 1999. A geographic information system (GIS) was used for the area-wide spatial prediction and mapping of P (DAM). The combination of the six evidential themes forest type, soil type, geology, soil moisture, soil acidification, and the 'Lothar' maximum gust field predicted wind damage best and was used to map P (DAM) in a 50 x 50 m resolution grid. GIS software was utilised to produce probability maps, which allowed the identification of areas of low, moderate, and high P (DAM) across the study area. The highest P (DAM) values were calculated for coniferous forest growing on acidic, fresh to moist soils on bunter sandstone formations-provided that 'Lothar' maximum gust speed exceeded 35 m s(-1) in the areas in question. One of the most significant benefits associated with the results of this study is that, for the first time, there is a GIS-based area-wide quantification of P (DAM) in the forests in Southwestern Germany. In combination with the experience and expert knowledge of local foresters, the probability maps produced can be used as an important tool for decision support with respect to future silvicultural activities aimed at reducing wind damage. One limitation of the P (DAM)-predictions is that they are based on only one major storm event. At the moment it is not possible to relate storm event intensity to the amount of wind damage in forests due to the lack of comprehensive long-term tree and stand damage data across the study area.

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A numerical model of tree aerodynamic response to a turbulent airflow

Cited by 77 publications

References 22 publications

GIS-based estimation of the winter storm damage probability in forests: a case study from Baden-Wuerttemberg (Southwest Germany)

GIS-based estimation of the winter storm damage probability in forests: a case study from Baden-Wuerttemberg (Southwest Germany)

Vegetation and hydraulic-morphological interactions at the individual plant, patch and channel scale

Modelling the wind damage probability in forests in Southwestern Germany for the 1999 winter storm ‘Lothar’

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