A novel total knee arthroplasty infection model in rabbits

Craig, Matthew R.; Poelstra, Kornelis A.; Sherrell, J. Christopher; Kwon, Michael S.; Belzile, Étienne L.; Brown, Thomas E.

doi:10.1016/j.orthres.2005.03.007

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…4 To determine the degree of contamination, grading was performed by three observers (KAV, MJS, SWY) under ultraviolet light using a standardized grading scale: 0 (no contamination), 1 (one to five specks), 2 (five to 10 specks), 3 (10-100 specks), and 4 ([ 100 specks). of the bacterial inoculum given [6]. Such studies support a causal relationship between contamination and subsequent deep infection; therefore, it is reasonable to identify and attempt to minimize potential sources of contamination such as the gown-glove interface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Gown-glove Interface Is a Source of Contamination: A Comparative Study

Fraser

Young

Valentine

et al. 2015

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background The original Charnley-type negative-pressure body exhaust suit reduced infection rates in randomized trials of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) decades ago. However, modern positive-pressure surgical helmet systems have not shown similar benefit, and several recent studies have raised the question of whether these gowning systems result in increased wound contamination and infections. The gown-glove interface may be one source of particle contamination.Questions/purposes The purpose of this study was to compare particle contamination at the gown-glove interface in several modern surgical helmet systems and conventional surgical gowns. Methods A 5-lm fluorescent powder was evenly applied to both hands to the level of the wrist flexion crease. After gowning in the standard fashion, the acting surgeon performed a 20-minute simulated TJA protocol. Each of the five gowning systems was run through five trials. The amount of gown contamination at the gown-glove interface then was measured by three observers under ultraviolet light using a grading scale from 0 (no contamination) to 4 (gross contamination). Statistical analysis was carried out with Minitab 15. Friedman's test was used to compare the levels of contamination across trials for each gown and the Mann-Whitney test was used post hoc to perform a pairwise comparison of each gown. Results All gown-glove interfaces showed some contamination. Friedman's test showed that there was a significant difference in contamination between gowns (p = 0.029). The Stryker T5 Zipper Toga system showed more contamination than the other gowns. The median contamination score and range for each gowning setup was 1.8 (range, 1-4; conventional Kimberly-Clark MicroCool gown without helmet), 4 (range, 3-4; Stryker T5 Zipper Toga), 3.6 (range, 0-4; Stryker helmet with conventional gown), 1.6 (range, 0-2; Stryker Flyte Toga), and 3.0 (range, 2-3; DePuy Toga). A Mann-Whitney test found no difference among any of the gowns except for the Stryker T5 Zipper Toga, which showed more contamination

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Gown-glove Interface Is a Source of Contamination: A Comparative Study

Fraser

Young

Valentine

et al. 2015

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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“…Nine of these utilized a clinical isolate. MRSA strains included ATCC 33591, ST-021 (a clinical isolate from University of Maryland, Shock Trauma) (Craig et al , 2005), an MLST-80 clone (Poultsides et al , 2008), and the bioluminescent USA300 LAC:; lux strain (Niska et al , 2012). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of animal models for Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis

Reizner¹,

Hunter²,

O’Malley³

et al. 2014

eCM

111

106

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Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) osteomyelitis is a significant complication for orthopaedic patients undergoing surgery, particularly with fracture fixation and arthroplasty. Given the difficulty in studying S. aureus infections in human subjects, animal models serve an integral role in exploring the pathogenesis of osteomyelitis, and aid in determining the efficacy of prophylactic and therapeutic treatments. Animal models should mimic the clinical scenarios seen in patients as closely as possible to permit the experimental results to be translated to the corresponding clinical care. To help understand existing animal models of S. aureus, we conducted a systematic search of PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE to identify in vivo animal experiments that have investigated the management of S. aureus osteomyelitis in the context of fractures and metallic implants. In this review, experimental studies are categorised by animal species and are further classified by the setting of the infection. Study methods are summarised and the relevant advantages and disadvantages of each species and model are discussed. While no ideal animal model exists, the understanding of a model's strengths and limitations should assist clinicians and researchers to appropriately select an animal model to translate the conclusions to the clinical setting.

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“…The number of arthroplasties performed per year is increasing steadily, and an increase of approximately 85% is predicted over the next two decades [1]. One of the main factors that can limit the successful outcome of this type of procedure is bacterial infection associated with the biomaterial used.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%