A novel technique of ultrasound-guided brachial plexus block in calves

Comparison of lidocaine, lidocaine-morphine, lidocaine-tramadol or bupivacaine for neural blockade of the brachial plexus in fat-tailed lambs

“…; Iwamoto et al. ). In sheep, the four ventral nerve roots of the sixth, seventh and eighth cervical (C 6 , C 7 and C 8 ) and first thoracic (T 1 ) spinal nerves contribute to the brachial plexus (Ghoshal ).…”

Ultrasound‐guided sciatic and femoral nerve blocks for metatarsal fracture stabilisation in a two‐day‐old neonatal calf

“…The number of studies in large animals and in cattle in particular has also increased. There are studies published describing ultrasound-guided paravertebral blocks (Kramer and others 2014), brachial plexus blocks (Iwamoto and others 2012) and sciatic and femoral nerve blocks in farm animals (Adami and others 2011, Wagner and others 2011, d'Ovidio and others 2014, Waag and others 2014). However, there is still a lack of case reports or studies describing the use of these techniques in calves in a clinical scenario.…”

Comparative Evaluation of Conventional Anatomical Landmark Guided, Perineural Ultrasound Guided and Perivascular Colour Doppler Guided Brachial Plexus Block In Sheep

“…They evaluated the brachial plexus using ultrasonography and then injected 2% lidocaine under ultrasound guidance. The results suggest the clinical feasibility of ultrasoundguided brachial plexus block in bovine medicine [21].According to Gofeld et al (2013), ultrasonography is an alternative imaging method for localization and examination of peripheral nerves and allows serial examinations over almost any anatomical region so that a long length of a nerve can be studied under dynamic conditions where changes in body position or orientation may influence the nerve's location [16]. Fonseca et al (2015) stated that ultrasound guidance is an emerging aspect of regional anesthesia that has the potential to optimize local delivery and distribution of anesthetic agents in rabbits, thereby reducing the amounts of these agents that must be administered.…”

“…Axillary artery was identified by its characteristic anechoic pulsatile ultrasound image. Three rounded hyperechoic structures were observed dorsal and close to the axillary vessels presumed to be the C7, C8, and T1 roots of the brachial plexus [3].According to Carter and Bhat(2011), ultrasound guided inter scalene block target the roots and proximal trunks of the brachial plexus as they are sandwiched between the anterior and the middle scalene muscle [4].An interventional ultrasound technique to increase the safety of surgical treatment of the calf forelimb was tested by Iwamoto et al (2012). They evaluated the brachial plexus using ultrasonography and then injected 2% lidocaine under ultrasound guidance.…”